The Lerma-Chapala Basin, in Central Mexico, is geologically heterogeneous, climatically diverse and boasts high biodiversity, lying within two Biodiversity Hotspots, namely Mesoamerica and the Madrean Pine-Oak Woodlands. Epilithon and water samples were collected in the basin from 14 sampling sites three times each, two sampling campaigns during the rainy season and one in the dry season. A tot...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Gagea is a Eurasian genus of petaloid monocots, with a few species in North Africa, comprising between 70 and approximately 275 species depending on the author. Lloydia (thought to be the closest relative of Gagea) consists of 12-20 species that have a mostly eastern Asian distribution. Delimitation of these genera and their subdivisions are unresolved questions in Liliaceae...

Background. The genus Pachypodium contains 21 species of succulent, generally spinescent shrubs and trees found in southern Africa and Madagascar. Pachypodium has diversified mostly into arid and semi-arid habitats of Madagascar, and has been cited as an example of a plant group that links the highly diverse arid-adapted floras of Africa and Madagascar. However, a lack of knowledge about phylog...

A complete nomenclatural synopsis is provided for Onosma (Boraginaceae) and the allied genera Maharanga Podonosma, covering each name of new taxa, combination replacement communicated since 1753 till October 2021. All 749 validly published names are listed together with an account formal reasons why 136 additional must be regarded as invalid. Type species indicated or newly designated all infra...

The basidiomycete genus Galerina Earle accommodates more than 300 small brown-spored agarics worldwide, predominantly described from the Northern hemisphere. The delimitation of species and infrageneric units hitherto has been based on morphological and, to some extent, ecological characters. In this study we have analyzed nuclear ribosomal LSU and ITS sequences to reveal infrageneric phylogeny...

A phylogeny of Boronia (Rutaceae) is presented on the basis maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses plastid (psbA–trnH, trnL–trnF, rbcL) nuclear (ITS, ETS) markers. Analyses either or sequences recovered same major clades, although with conflicts in resolution among them. The existing classification largely confirmed; sections Boronella, Pedunculatae Valvatae are supported, monotypic Alatae Imb...

A classical taxonomic revision of the genus Grimmia (Bryophyta) is currently in its final stage. According to Muñoz & Pando (2000) the genus comprise 73 species plus several described afterwards (Muñoz & al. 2002; Muñoz, 2002; Greven, 2003). A preliminary cladistic analysis using morphological characters render the following infrageneric groups: subg. Grimmia; subg. Orthogrimmia, including sect...

The genus Paris in the broad concept is an economically important group in the monocotyledonous family Melanthiaceae (tribe Parideae). The phylogeny of Paris was controversial in previous morphology-based classification and molecular phylogeny. Here, the complete cp genomes of eleven Paris taxa were sequenced, to better understand the evolutionary relationships among these plants and the mutati...

Members of the family Cyperaceae were surveyed by original observation and from the literature to assess the distribution of C3 and C4 photosynthetic pathways in the family. All 107 genera were included in the current sample, with 91 genera assessed as consistently C3 and 11 genera as C4. The genera Abildgaardia, Cyperus, Eleocharis, Fimbristylis, and Rhynchospora are variable for this trait. O...

Lutzomyia spp. are New World phlebotomine sand flies, many of which are involved in the transmission of human diseases, such as leishmaniases and bartonellosis. The systematic classification of the approximately 400 species in the genus has been based on morphological characters, but the relationships within the genus are still very much in question. We have inferred phylogenies of 32 species o...