With a greater understanding of the components that initiate the host into the downward spiral of periodontal disease, the clinician must look for better treatment and therapy options. Clinical observations and studies show good results, making incorporation of the laser into the first phase of nonsurgical periodontal therapy an excellent choice.

With numerous safe and effective antihypertensive drugs now available, the clinician should no longer choose only diuretic agents or /3-adrenergic receptor blockers (/3-blockers) as initial therapy. Five classes of agents, including angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, /3-blockers, calcium entry blockers, peripheral a,-adrenergic receptor blockers, and thiazide diuretic agents, are all app...

conclusions anesthetic management for ire of soft tissue deviates from standard anesthetic medical therapy in regards to depth of neuromuscular blockade and analgesic management during ire energy delivery. however, minor modifications in anesthesia management allow for a safe and efficient patient procedure. results during ire delivery, a deeper neuromuscular blockade is required to ensure that...