in this study, response surface methodology (rsm) was used to optimize osmo-dehydration of orange slice. effect of osmotic solution temperature in the range of 30 to 60 °c, immersion time from 0 to 300 min and sucrose concentration from 35 to 65 brix degree on water loss, solid gain, moisture content, water loss to solid gain ratio and brix change were investigated by central composite design (...

Identifying the vulnerability of soils to compaction damage becomes an increasingly important issue in the planning and execution of farming operations. Soil compaction models are efficient tools for predicting soil compaction due to agricultural field traffic. Most of these models require the knowledge of the stress/strain relationship, as well as the mechanical parameters and their variation ...

Water sorption isotherms and effective moisture diffusivities were determined at 20 8C for sponge cakes at high water activity as a function of their initial porosity, in the range 86 and 52% (0 g/g dry basis fat content), and of their fat content, ranging between 0 and 0.30 g/g dry basis (67% initial porosity). The equilibrium moisture values were not affected by food structure and decreased w...

chrysanthemum (dendranthema grandiflorum (ramat.) kitamura cv. pattriot) is one of the most important and marketable cut flowers in the world. however, a relatively limited vase life reduces its marketability. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of salicylic acid (sa) and citric acid (ca) in extending the vase life of chrysanthemum flowers. therefore, a factorial experiment based...

The frequency of mudflow disasters induced by rainfall in the Loess Plateau is increasing with occurrence global warming. initial water content one basic properties soil, which affects initiation loess mudflow. In this work, field study debris flow gullies Yan’an City, Shaanxi Province, China, was conducted, and main factors that induce gully were summarized. Based on investigation results, a f...