The RNA-binding protein Fragile X Mental Retardation (FMRP) is an evolutionarily conserved protein that is particularly abundant in the brain due to its high expression in neurons. FMRP deficiency causes fragile X mental retardation syndrome. In neurons, FMRP controls the translation of target mRNAs in part by promoting dynamic transport in and out neuronal RNA granules. We and others have prev...

AIM To study the impact of sleeve gastrectomy plus side-to-side jejunoileal anastomosis on weight loss and the remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS Thirty-three 7 weeks old male Zucker diabetic fatty rats were randomized into three groups: sleeve gastrectomy plus side-to-side jejunoileal anastomosis (JI-SG group), sleeve gastrectomy (SG group), sham surgery (Control group). RESULT...

SG (serglycin) PGs (proteoglycans) are strongly implicated in the assembly of MC (mast cell) granules. However, this notion has mainly been on the basis of studies of MCs of the connective tissue subtype, whereas the role of SG PG in mucosal MCs has not been explored. In the present study, we have addressed the latter issue by using mice with an inactivated SG gene. Bone marrow cells were diffe...

Dysregulation of stress granules (SGs) and their resident proteins contributes to pathogenesis of a number of (neuro)degenerative diseases. Phosphorylation of eIF2α is an event integrating different types of cellular stress and it is required for SG assembly. Phosphorylated eIF2α (p-eIF2α) is upregulated in the nervous system in some neurodegenerative conditions. We found that increasing p-eIF2...

Over the years, there have been numerous definitions of curriculum integration, where the curriculum is interwoven, connected, thematic, interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary, correlated, linked, and holistic (Fogarty and Pete 2007). Curriculum integration is based on both philosophy and practicality, drawing together knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values from within or across subject areas t...

Stress granules (SG) are dynamic cytoplasmic foci in which stalled translation initiation complexes accumulate. In conditions of acute cellular redox, stress cells manipulated to lose the expression of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) nucleate SG signature proteins (e.g. TIA-1, PABP1) more efficiently than AIF-positive controls. AIF also inhibited SG formation induced by the RasGAP-associated en...