Support for research and development in information technology is considered today as critical by most governments in the industrially advanced countries. Traditionally the way of stimulating research has been to ensure to the investor the appropriability of the returns generated. Such appropriability is typically implemented by means of the Intellectual Property Rigths. Nevertheless the protec...

Arguably, the most profound issue in designing and governing cyberspace focuses on intellectual property. Is cyberspace to be created as a commons -a space belonging to and used freely by the community as a whole -or, is it to be partitioned into a multitude of proprietary closed boxes that are owned and sold, distributed, modified, and used only according to the owner’s whims? This paper will ...

sale is the alienation of goods with all presumptive, objective and, legal rights related to them in a way that a buyer can have the goods in absolute legal possession. any defects in seller’s ownership, such as the right of easement, usufruct or lien belong to the third party interferes with the absolute ownership of the buyer and his rights. a kind of these rights recognized and protected by ...

whenever we are analyzing the intellectual property rights we shall treat the enjoyment capacity as a principal issue of the private international laws. the enjoyment capacity of foreigner on intellectual property rights is determined based on the nature of these rights on the legal systems. the economic nature of these rights dictates that the private aspect of these rights to be recognized in...

pricing of goods and services are one of the fundamental instrument of competition and prerequisite for a competetive market is the right to determine prices freely by undertakimgs. competition law has declared discriminative pricing as an anticompetetive practices in many jurisdiction while analysis specially in the scope of intellectual property rights shows that many form of price discrimina...

In this paper we propose that “norms-based” intellectual property systems exist and are an important complement to or substitute for law-based intellectual property systems. Normsbased IP systems operate on social norms that are held in common by members of a given community and specify the nature and extent of rights that a group member can assert to intellectual property. They also include pr...

Commonly, complex modern manufactures systems’ controlling makes its operators pass important decisions what sometimes is rather difficult when there are many alternatives. Such situation requires developing and involving of automatic intellectual decision support systems (DSS). Different approaches have been already developed in order to help operator with passing correct decisions. Each has i...