the ordinary tensor product of modules is defined using bilinear maps (bimorphisms), that are linear in eachcomponent. keeping this in mind, linton and banaschewski with nelson defined and studied the tensor product in an equational category and in a general (concrete) category k, respectively, using bimorphisms, that is, defined via the hom-functor on k. also, the so-called sesquilinear, or on...

The literature on perceptual learning for speech shows that listeners use lexical information to disambiguate phonetically ambiguous speech sounds and that they maintain this new mapping for later recognition of ambiguous sounds for a given talker. Evidence for this kind of perceptual reorganization has focused on phonetic category boundary shifts. Here, we asked whether listeners adjust both c...

How categories are represented continues to be hotly debated across neuroscience and psychology. One topic that is central to cognitive research on category representation but underexplored in neurobiological research concerns the internal structure of categories. Internal structure refers to how the natural variability between-category members is coded so that we are able to determine which me...

What prevents sub-Saharan Africa from escaping poverty through the development of significant manufacturing industries? The first category of constraints are those external to firms, about which we have economic theories: scarcity of physical capital, taxes, poor infrastructure, lack of human capital, corruption, trade costs. A second category are those internal to firms, about which we know li...

Any semi-abelian category A appears, via the discrete functor, as a full replete reflective subcategory of the semi-abelian category of internal groupoids in A. This allows one to study the homology of n-fold internal groupoids with coefficients in a semi-abelian category A, and to compute explicit higher Hopf formulae. The crucial concept making such computations possible is the notion of prot...

narrative interpretations are composed of both authentic traditions and fictitious ones. so, first of all we should separate faked narrations from authentic ones.in addition, not all the authentic hadith are considered as exegesis of qur'an. it is necessary to categorize them. so, every narration has to be in a special category and is harmonized with other narrations in the same category a...

Introduction: The article is devoted to the analysis of legal category «internal affairs bodies» and related categories that specify composition state apparatus. Rationale determined by provisions theoretical doctrinal nature, which vaguely formulate concept bodies», based on formal–legal criterion substantive features law enforcement segment apparatus.
 Methods: When analyzing doctrine, r...

We deeply analyse the structural organisation of the fibration of points and of the monad of internal groupoids. From that we derive: 1) a new characterization of internal groupoids among reflexive graphs in the Mal’cev context; 2) a setting in which a Mal’cev category is necessarily a protomodular category.

We can regard operations that discard information, like specializing to a particular case or dropping the intermediate steps of a proof, as projections, and operations that reconstruct information as liftings. By working with several projections in parallel we can make sense of statements like “Set is the archetypal Cartesian Closed Category”, which means that proofs about CCCs can be done in t...