Introduction: Internal radiation dosimetry is important from a radiation protection point of view and can help to optimize the radiation dose delivered to the workers, public, and patients. It has a rather simple protocol but needs a large amount of data. Therefore, it is difficult to do on a routine basis. The use of computer programs makes internal radiation dosimetry simpler...

There has been a considerable accumulation of usage of voxel models for internal radiation dosimetry (Xu & Eckerman, 2009 ; Zaidi & Tsui, 2009). The human voxel models of the Reference Male and Reference Female have been introduced and used to evaluate the energy deposition in organs resulting from internal radiation exposures by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) (I...

A brief overview is provided of the history of the development of internal dose methods for use in nuclear medicine. Basic methods of internal dosimetry and the systems that have been developed for use in nuclear medicine are described. The development of the MIRD system and the International Radiopharmaceutical Dosimetry Symposium series is outlined. The evolution of models and tools for calcu...

In internal radionuclide therapy, a growing interest in voxel-level estimates of tissue-absorbed dose has been driven by the desire to report radiobiologic quantities that account for the biologic consequences of both spatial and temporal nonuniformities in these dose estimates. This report presents an overview of 3-dimensional SPECT methods and requirements for internal dosimetry at both regio...

Radionuclide imaging using (111)In, (99m)Tc and (153)Sm is commonly undertaken for the clinical investigation of gastric emptying, intestinal motility and whole gut transit. However the documented evidence concerning internal radiation dosimetry for such studies is not readily available. This communication documents the internal radiation dosimetry for whole gastrointestinal transit studies usi...

Nuclear medicine clinical practices for neoplasic disease diagnose and treatment are based on the incorporation of α , β and γ radiotracers and radiopharmaceuticals, which might be associated with potential damage. Thus, being necessary accurate dosimetry strategies. In vivo absorbed dose appears as an ideal solution. However, its implementation in clinics does not attain enough reliability. In...

The purpose of this article is to provide an overview and practical guide to occupational health professionals concerning the derivation and use of dose estimates in risk assessment for development of occupational exposure limits (OELs) for inhaled substances. Dosimetry is the study and practice of measuring or estimating the internal dose of a substance in individuals or a population. Dosimetr...

Simulated-data internal dosimetry cases for use in intercomparison exercises or as a software verification and validation tool have been published on the internet (www.lanl.gov/bayesian/software Bayesian software package II). A user may validate their internal dosimetry code or method using this simulated bioassay data. Or, the user may choose to try out the Los Alamos National Laboratory codes...