We determined the central interactions of neuropeptide Y and leptin on cardiovascular and sympathetic responses in conscious rabbits. Intracerebroventricular injections of neuropeptide Y (0.1 and 1 nmol/40 microL) elicited dose-related decreases in arterial pressure and renal sympathetic nerve activity without a significant change in heart rate. Peak depressor or sympathoinhibitory responses of...

The effect of intracerebroventricular administration of chlorpromazine (CPZ) on the serum level of free fatty acid (FFA) was studied in rats. Injection of CPZ into the lateral ventricle caused a transient decrease in serum FFA, showing the lowest level after 30 min. This decrease in serum FFA caused by CPZ was significantly inhibited by simultaneous injection of dopamine or apomorphine, althoug...

Shirouzu, Yuichirou, Kazuo Shirouzu, and Shogo Yoshida. Effect of fentanyl on morphine levels in the brain in rats receiving intracerebroventricular injection of TNF-a. Am. J. Physiol. 275 (Endocrinol. Metab. 38): E635–E640, 1998.—Fentanyl citrate analgesia attenuates the excess nitrogen excretion in the urine and glucose production induced by trauma. On the other hand, intracerebroventricular ...

3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid (TMCA) is one of the constituents in Onji (roots of Polygala tenuifolia WILLD), an herbal medicine used for sedative in Japanese traditional Kampo medicine. Our previous study revealed that oral administration of this compound prolongs sleeping time induced by hexobarbital in mice to exhibit sedative action. In the present study, we investigate the effects of TMCA ...

We examined whether growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) may promote non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep via activation of GABAergic neurons in the preoptic area. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were implanted with EEG, EMG electrodes and a unilateral intracerebroventricular cannula. Groups of rats received injections (3 microl icv) with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GHRH) (0.1 nmol/100 g body wt...

The central and peripheral cardiovascular effects of endothelin (ET)-1 and ET-3 were investigated in conscious rainbow trout. Both intracerebroventricular and intra-arterial injections of ET-1 (6.25-25 pmol) but not ET-3 (25 pmol) caused a dose-dependent increase in mean dorsal aortic blood pressure and a concomitant decrease in heart rate. The hypertensive effects induced by intra-arterial and...

GPR40 has been reported to be activated by long-chain fatty acids, such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). However, reports studying functional role of GPR40 in the brain are lacking. The present study focused on the relationship between pain regulation and GPR40, investigating the functional roles of hypothalamic GPR40 during chronic pain caused using a complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced inf...

Oxyntomodulin (OXM), a proglucagon-derived peptide, is a well known anorexigenic peptide found inthe gut and brain of mammals. The present study was carried out to investigate the central effect of OXM onfood intake in non-fasted and fasted Ross broiler chicks. At four weeks of age, a guide cannula wasstereotaxically implanted into the right lateral ventricle of each bird. Two experiments were ...