OBJECTIVES To identify the intranasal (IN) sedatives used to achieve conscious sedation during dental procedures amongst children. METHODS A literature review was conducted by identifying relevant studies through searches on Medline. Search included IN of midazolam, ketamine, sufentanil, dexmedetomidine, clonidine, haloperidol, and loranzepam. Studies included were conducted amongst individua...

objective- this study aimed to compare sedation efficacy in intranasal administration of xylazine, diazepam and midazolam with or without ketamine in chough. design- to determine the sedation efficacy, an experimental in vivo study was employed. animals- seven healthy choughs were examined in the current study. procedures- with an interval of one week, seven healthy adult non domesticated choug...

Background & objectives: Children are more anxious and fearful due to their limited cognitive capabilities, lack of understanding of health care system and lack of self control. It becomes an important concern for an anaesthesiologist to relieve their pre-operative anxiety. Midazolam is frequently used as premedication agent in children. New drugs such as the alpha-2 agonists have also been int...

safe and effective sedation methods are as much important for small pet birds as for the other animals not only for surgical procedures but also for safe handling and diagnostic and clinical procedures such as radiography, wound dressing, blood collection, endoscopy and fracture repair procedures. the aim of this study is comparison of sedation efficacy in intranasal administration of xylazine,...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare anxiolysis with intranasal dexmedetomidine, an alpha-2 agonist, versus intranasal midazolam for pediatric laceration repairs. METHODS We performed a double-blind, randomized controlled trial of 40 patients 1-5 years with lacerations requiring suture repair in an academic pediatric emergency department (ED). Patients were randomized to recei...

The aim of this study was to determine whether intranasal midazolam is a safe and effective rescue medication in adolescent and adult patients with severe epilepsy. This field trial was designed to test the feasibility of the use of intranasal midazolam as an alternative to rectal diazepam in a cohort of patients with severe epilepsy who require rescue medication as part of their treatment. A d...

Background The intranasal route is a reliable way to administer preanesthetics and sedatives to children. The aim of this study was to compare the anxiolytic and sedative effect of intranasal dexmedetomidine and midazolam as a premedication in pediatrics with simple congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac catheterization. Patients and Methods Sixty children 3-6 years old of either sex wit...

Auricular acupuncture can be an effective treatment for acute anxiety, but there is a lack of direct comparisons of acupuncture to proven standard drug treatments. In this study we compared the efficacy of auricular acupuncture with intranasal midazolam, placebo acupuncture, and no treatment for reducing dental anxiety. Patients having dental extractions (n = 67) were randomized to (i) auricula...

Midazolam is often used for paediatric premedication. We have compared two methods of administering midazolam intranasally in 44 surgical day-case children allocated randomly to receive midazolam 0.2 mg kg-1 as drops or midazolam 0.1 mg kg-1 from an intranasal spray device. Behaviour was recorded on a four-point scale by the parent, nurse and anaesthetist. Coefficients were obtained representin...