Videothoracoscopic surgery has reduced the invasiveness of a considerable number of thoracic operations, although optimal postoperative thoracic analgesia remains an open issue. Among commonly used methods, continuous intravenous infusion of analgesics, including opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, has shown promise but is not always satisfactory and can have some adverse effects....

Thoracic surgery in small animals is considered a painful procedure, resulting in alterations in pulmonary function and respiratory mechanics. Modifications in surgical approach and technique and selection of the appropriate analgesic protocol may improve outcomes in dogs and cats after thoracic surgery. Systemic administration of opioids and other agents, intercostal and intrapleural blocks, a...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Pain control during surgery in order to cause analgesia and reduce the somatic and autonomic response may decrease the morbidity. Intrapleural catheter embedding during surgery under direct vision of surgeon is safe and easy and without potential risk of thoracic epidural block. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bilateral intrapleural infusion of li...

Background: Thoracotomy is one of the surgical operations which causes severe pain. In fact, this pain is one of the most excruciating pains caused by surgical operations. Different procedures are performed to decrease this pain which is associated with significant physiologic, mental and pathologic complications. Each of these procedures has its own advantage and disadvantages. In many centers...

Although most randomized clinical trials conclude that the addition of continuous peripheral nerve blockade (CPNB) decreases postoperative pain and opioidrelated side effects when compared with opioids, studies have included relatively small numbers of patients and the majority failed to show statistical significance during all time periods for reduced pain or side effects. We identified studie...

pain control is a major concern in post-thoracotomy patients. the current prospective randomized double-blind study was designed to evaluate the analgesic effects of morphine and fentanyl given interpleurally after posterolateral thoracotomy. thirty patients undergoing elective posterolateral thoracotomy in a teaching hospital in tehran were divided into 3 groups with equal number of patients. ...