West Nile virus (WNV) has been a concern for people across the United States since the disease was initially observed in the summer of 1999. Since 1999, WNV has caused the largest arboviral encephalitis epidemic in US history. Vector control management programs have been intensively implemented to control mosquitoes that carry WNV. Our deterministic ecological risk assessment focused on 6 commo...

The use of atmospheric dispersion modelling has become more common for the determination of odour impacts from existing poultry production facilities and the assessment of setback distances for new facilities. Setback distances for broiler, layer and turkey units were determined using the atmospheric dispersion modelling software ISCST3 and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA, Ireland) rec...

Instantaneous downwind malodours from two swine farrowing facilities were assessed in the field by 15 trained human sniffers. A total of 34 1-hour field monitoring sessions were carried out on the two farms between June and October in 2003 and 2004. Odour emissions from the farm were measured and weather conditions were monitored simultaneously. Four air dispersion models, ISCST3, AUSPLUME, IN-...

After privatization of the power sectors in India, fossil-fuel-based industries have an important role to play liberalization economy country. Modeling efforts will help a great deal designing stacks and taking appropriate pollution control measures for proposed plants. A case study has been cited with short-term (24-hour) use dispersion model assessing Ground Level Concentration (GLC) pollutan...

An air pollution modeling study was conducted to investigate the odorous effects of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions from a sanitary landfill area on ambient air quality. The atmospheric dispersion of hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) and 22 VOCs was modeled. Industrial Source Complex v3 Short Term (ISCST3) model was used to estimate hourly concentrations of odorous VOCs over the nearest resi...

It is becoming more common now to use atmospheric dispersion models to predict where odour nuisance is likely to occur near pig units. An odour threshold concentration of 1 OuE m(-3) is the level at which an odour is detectable by 50% of screened panellists. A new odour annoyance criterion (C(98,1-h) (98%-ile, 1-h average odour concentration) < or = 4.3 OuE m(-3)) was developed in this study an...

There are around 300 night markets in Taiwan, and they have been drawing an increasing number of tourists recent years. As a result, public awareness over air quality the has grown tremendously. In response to this, specific market Kaohsiung City was chosen for this study order characterize existing markets. present study, we employed Industrial Source Complex Short-Term (ISCST3) model simulati...

The detection and nuisance concentrations of odors are frequently quoted in terms of dilutions from the initial source concentration. Meteorological dispersion modeling has been used to estimate the dilutions achieved between a release point, such as a stack, and a downwind receptor. Conventional models have proven to yield reasonable results for neutral and stable atmospheric conditions, withi...

The objective of this study was to assess site-specific carcinogenic risks of incinerator-emitted dioxins and risk transfers among the areas covered by nine municipal incinerators in Taiwan. We used actual emission data and the industrial source complex short-term model (ISCST3) to determine the dioxin impact areas within the 8 x 8-km simulation regions surrounding the incinerators. We then use...