The (nine) valid species of Japanagallia Ishihara, 1955 from Guizhou, and Yunnan Provinces, and Guangxi Autonomous Region of Southwest China are reviewed and four new species J. gracilenta sp. nov., J. neohamata sp. nov., J. trifurcata sp. nov. and J. viraktamathi sp. nov. are described and illustrated. These species can be distinguished by unique features of the aedeagus. J. hamata Zhang & Li,...

A simulated field test was designed to determine whether the Holmes-Wright A lantern (HWA) is a valid color vision test for the rail industry. The simulation replicated viewing rail signal lights at 0.8 km distance under daylight conditions. Using the worst-normal as the maximum number of allowable errors on the simulation, 94% of the color-defectives failed both tests on the first trial and 92...

PURPOSE This study aimed to quantify the shift of colorimetric values in the Ishihara pseudoisochromatic test with aging of the plates. METHODS Three sets of Ishihara pseudoisochromatic plates with different published dates (printed in 1971, 1983 and 2001) were tested. Positions matching 32 dots with 13 colors were chosen from each set and the colorimetric values with the CIELAB and HSB/HLS c...

PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to examine possible persisting effects to color vision in a group from the Royal Australian Air Force who had exposure to formulations containing neurotoxins during F-111 fuel tank maintenance, relative to two contemporaneous comparison groups. METHODS Color vision was tested in 512 exposed personnel, 458 technical-trade comparisons, and 330 non-technical ...

Sensory or input factors can influence the strength of interference in the classic Stroop color-word task. Specifically, in a single-trial computerized version of the Stroop task, when color-word pairs were incongruent, opponent color pairs (e.g., the word BLUE in yellow) showed reduced Stroop interference compared with nonopponent color pairs (e.g., BLUE in red). In addition, participants' col...

PURPOSE To evaluate the association between oral low-dose contraceptives and color vision alterations. METHODS Were included in the study 30 women, sixteen used oral contraceptive for less than five years (Group I) and 14 used it for more than five years (Group II). The Ishihara, City University Color Vision Test, and the D 15 desaturated tests were used. RESULTS No characteristic alteratio...

BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of young and middle aged individuals with a demyelinative axonal damage nature in central nervous system that causes various signs and symptoms. As color vision needs normal function of optic nerve and macula, it is proposed that MS can alter it via influencing optic nerve. In this survey, we evaluated color vision abnormalities and its relationsh...

Arnaoutoglou et al. (2017) reported that "Ishihara Color Vision Test - 38 Plate" was useful for the differential diagnosis of dementia between Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Vascular Dementia (VaD). The authors used sensitivity/specificity analysis, presenting 80.6% and 87.5% to discriminate AD and VaD patients when an optimal (32.5) cut-off value of performance was used. The authors cited a refe...

Color vision deficiency, most of the time remains an unnoticed problem; although it is not very rare. The faculty of appreciation of color is essential for our smooth daily activities. Unfortunately, even many doctors do not know the severity of their color vision deficiency and tend to assume it as slight, and a few, as in the general population, do not know about their disability. Some common...