To enable a quantification of net joint moments and joint reaction forces, indicators of joint loading, this study aimed to locate the mediolateral joint axes of rotation and establish the body segment parameters of the limbs of pigs (Sus scrofa). To locate the joint axes of rotation the scapulohumeral, humeroradial, carpal complex, metacarpophalangeal, coxofemoral, femorotibial, tarsal, and me...

The goal of this study was to quantify the relative contributions of each muscle group surrounding the spine to vertebral joint rotational stiffness (VJRS) during the push-up exercise. Upper-body kinematics, three-dimensional hand forces and lumbar spine postures, and 14 channels (bilaterally from rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, latissimus dorsi, thoracic erector spinae, l...

This paper presents research work in the area of analysis, extraction, and recognition of aesthetic information from architectural drawings. A computer-based system is developed that extracts the geometric and topological structure of a plan, detects wall-joints, and identifies axes of symmetry, hierarchies, proportions, and modularity within a plan.

simultaneous dislocation of both interphalangeal (ip) joints of same finger is a highly uncommon finding. and dislocation of metacarpophalangeal (mcp) joint along with interphalangeal joints of thumb are reported in literatures if, scarcely. here we are reporting the three cases, comprising of double dislocation of ip joints in little finger in two patients and simultaneous mcp and ip joint dis...

Failure of joints can lead to structural collapse. It is vital monitor joint stiffness during operation prevent such failures. This paper proposes a novel method for the quality assessment using coaxial correlation in 6D space. Coaxially placed sensors on either side implemented by 3D accelerometers and gyroscopes with wide frequency range, automatic synchronisation between input signal receive...

Comprehensive descriptions of the motion in articulating joints open new opportunities in biomedical engineering. The helical axis is a established method that describes flexion-extension at joints, which currently lacks an intuitive visualization. In this paper, we present a comprehensive visualization of knee joint motion based on a direct measurement of the helical axis. The proposed approac...

This study describes a unique assessment of primate intrinsic foot joint kinematics based upon bone pin rigid cluster tracking. It challenges the assumption that human evolution resulted in a reduction of midfoot flexibility, which has been identified in other primates as the "midtarsal break." Rigid cluster pins were inserted into the foot bones of human, chimpanzee, baboon, and macaque cadave...

Due to Cayley’s theorem the line s ∈ Σ (= moving system) spanned by the centers of the spherical joints of an RSSR linkage generates a surface of degree 8. In the special case of parallel rotary axes of the R-joints the corresponding ruled surface is only of degree 6. Now the point locus of any point X ∈ Σ\{s} is a surface of order 16 (general case) or of order 12 (special case). Hunt suggested...

Designing a system to drive and control the motion of an artificial upper limb becomes more complex as the number of active axes of the arm increases. At present total upper limb prostheses have generally not more than three active joints (elbow, wrist and hand) which are directly driven by a couple of myoelectric signals. In general the joints are activated, one at a time with a sequence chose...

We give an exposition of Plücker vectors for a system of joint axes in projective 3-space. We use Plücker vectors to analyse dependencies among joint axes, and in particular show that two rotational joints rigidly joined by a bar and each with 3 degrees of freedom always forms a 5-dimensional system. We introduce the concept of reduced redundancy in a dependent set of projective Lines, and argu...