BACKGROUND Thoracolumbar junction (TLJ) is the transitional area between the lower thoracic spine and the upper lumbar spine. Vertebral compression fractures and proximal junctional kyphosis following spine surgery often occur in this area. Therefore, the study of development and mechanisms of thoracolumbar junctional degeneration is important for planning surgical management. This study aimed ...

Proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) is a common radiographic finding after long spinal fusion. A number of studies on the causes, risk factors, prevention, and treatment of PJK have been conducted. However, no clear definition of PJK has been established. In this paper, we aimed to clarify the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of PJK by reviewing relevant papers that have been published to da...

In adults and adolescents, proximal junctional failures above deformity constructs have been well established with different risk factors identified; however, the incidence, nature and clinical significance of this kyphosis remains unclear. Several reports in the literature have shed light on PJK in adults and adolescents with variable definition, incidence, prevalence, acuteness, risk factors,...

OBJECTIVE To determine the optimal selection of proximal fusion level for degenerative scoliosis (DS) and investigate the long-term proximal-related complications. METHODS Profiles of 95 consecutive patients with DS who underwent posterior long instrumented fusion were analyzed retrospectively. Perioperative parameters were reviewed stratified into 3 groups according to the relationship betwe...