Enterococcus faecium L50 grown at 16 to 32 degrees C produces enterocin L50 (EntL50), consisting of EntL50A and EntL50B, two unmodified non-pediocin-like peptides synthesized without an N-terminal leader sequence or signal peptide. However, the bacteriocin activity found in the cell-free culture supernatants following growth at higher temperatures (37 to 47 degrees C) is not due to EntL50. A pu...

Grapevine infections by Phaeoacremonium aleophilum in association with other pathogenic fungi cause complex and economically important vascular diseases. Here we present the first draft of the P. aleophilum genome sequence, which comprises 624 scaffolds with a total length of 47.5 Mb (L50, 45; N50, 336 kb) and 8,926 predicted protein-coding genes.

AIMS Characterization of Ent F-58 produced by Enterococcus faecium strain F58 isolated from Jben, a soft, farmhouse goat's cheese manufactured without starter cultures. METHODS AND RESULTS E. faecium strain F58 was isolated because of its broad inhibitory spectrum, including activity against food-borne pathogenic and spoilage bacteria. The antimicrobial substance was produced during the growt...

Enterocin L50 (EntL50), initially referred to as pediocin L50 (L. M. Cintas, J. M. Rodríguez, M. F. Fernández, K. Sletten, I. F. Nes, P. E. Hernández, and H. Holo, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:2643-2648, 1995), is a plasmid-encoded broad-spectrum bacteriocin produced by Enterococcus faecium L50. It has previously been purified from the culture supernatant and partly sequenced by Edman degradati...

In this paper we study the welfare effect of a monopoly innovation. Unlike many partial equilibrium models carried out in previous studies, general equilibrium models with non-price-taking behavior are constructed and analyzed in greater detail. We discover that technical innovation carried out by a monopolist could significantly increase the social welfare. We conclude that, in general, the cr...

This paper is the first to evaluate the impact of a large-scale field deployment of mandatory timeof-use (TOU) pricing on the energy use of commercial and industrial firms. The regulation imposes higher user prices during hours when electricity is generally more expensive to produce, and is by far the most common way for time-varying incentives to be transmitted to retail electricity customers....

Production of wedge clam (Donax trunculus) has experienced a widespread decrease. Environmental conditions have been postulated as an important agent though the effects on reproduction are poorly understood. We here review reproductive cycle and evaluate influence environmental in Galicia (NW Iberian coast). further contrast variability traits across distribution range. Reproductive individuals...

A permutation test for the location-scale problem is proposed within the nonparametric combination framework. The test is based on the combination of the permutation version of the Student t test and the permutation version of Pan L50 test for scale. Type-one error rate and power of this test are compared with those of Lepage and Cucconi tests. It is shown that the proposed test is preferable u...

This study was conducted of traffic noise which affected on urban selected roadside school as acoustic comfort for locations (near buildings) Burdwan town and the ambient recorded during four different time periods (early morning, late afternoon evening). Geographical Information System (GIS) based Inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolating technique used to identify vulnerability pollution...