Optical microscopy, total oxygen measurements and slime tests have been conducted to quantify the size distribution and amount of inclusions at various processing steps during basic oxygen furnace (BOF) based steel production at Baosteel. The effects on steel cleanliness of specific operational improvements during steel refining and continuous casting have been investigated. Such improvements t...

In recent years many different ways have been investigated by steel producers to increase ductility, impact strength and formability of steels. More important ways are steels with very low amounts of inclusion, small size inclusions and modified inclusions. In this study, experiments have been performed on the API-X42 steel produced by the electric arc furnace in Mobarekeh Steel Co. After the p...

In recent years many different ways have been investigated by steel producers to increase ductility, impact strength and formability of steels. More important ways are steels with very low amounts of inclusion, small size inclusions and modified inclusions. In this study, experiments have been performed on the API-X42 steel produced by the electric arc furnace in Mobarekeh Steel Co. After the p...

In secondary steelmaking, the refining operation is typically carried out in a metallurgical ladle that is commonly furnished with gas injection facilities. Since gas injection plays an intrinsic role in determining the efficiency of secondary steelmaking and thus the quality of final products, a great volume of work has been conducted mostly utilizing air-water systems at room temperature. Des...

This article is focused on the description of the main features of an online system for the real time monitoring and prediction of the liquid steel temperature in the ladle and tundish. Monitoring and prediction are based on a combination of analytical and statistical methods. Thus e.g., the temperature profiles of the walls are calculated using multi-layer implicit difference scheme taking int...

Gas injection is widely used in secondary refining processes to homogenize chemical composition and temperature and to remove inclusions. It is an industrial requirement to minimize the size and concentration of inclusions in the product while minimizing production time to save energy and lessen refractory wear. Gas bubbling is effective to increase the cleanliness of steel mainly by two mechan...

The presented paper deals with the use of physical modelling to study degassing process aluminium melts in refining ladle by blowing inert gas through a rotating impeller. For purposes modelling, plexiglass model scale 1:1 is used for operating ladle. Part hollow shaft supply that equipped an impeller and two baffles. melt simulated at decrease dissolved oxygen liquid (water). This aimed evalua...

Temperature control is important for the steel making process. Knowledge of amount thermal energy stored in ladle allows better predictions temperature during This has a potential to improve quality steel. In this work, we present mathematical model heat transfer within production The can be used compute current, and also future, status ladle. simple solved efficiently. We results from numerica...