The problem of continuous position availability is one of the most important issues connected with the human activity at sea. Because the availability of satellite navigational systems can be limited in some cases, e.g. during military operations, one has to consider additional methods of acquiring information about the ship’s position. In this paper one of these methods is presented, which is ...

Route directions are instructions, primarily verbal, that explain how to get from one place to another. The current study examines several methods for assessing the quality of verbal route directions by characterizing them in terms of the number of elements (such as landmarks, segments or turns) and by subjective ratings of their goodness. Route directions for routes which were both familiar an...

the geometric morphometrics method was applied to study the morphological differences in 95 specimens of kura barbel (barbus lacerta, heckel 1834) collected from three riverine ecosystems of the sefidrud basin, viz. taleghan, totkabon and kloraz rivers.  for this purpose, the left sides of the specimens were photographed. then, 14 landmark-points were defined and digitized on 2d pictures using ...

This paper describes a method for the identification of moving objects by a team of robots based on kinematic information. The objective is to be able to identify moving objects observed by different robots without using specific landmarks. Our method uses a bayesian approach and is based on the matching of maps of dynamic objects built by the members of the team. These maps contain the relativ...

Qualitative reasoning about physical processes is based on the notion of "quantity space" [Forbus, 1984a, 1984b]. The question is how to construct a quantity space for a particular physical process. One line of research is to establish a set of so called "landmark points" by selecting some values of the continuous physical parameters characterizing the physical process under consideration [Kuip...

In highly regulated environments, where a set of norms defines accepted behaviour, protocols provide a way to reduce complexity by giving direct, step by step guidelines for behaviour, as long as the protocols comply with the norms. In this work we propose a formal framework to design a protocol from a normative specification. In order to be able to connect (descriptive) norms with (operational...