It is not uncommon to observe bone cement in the pelvis on radiographs after total hip replacement, a finding which is generally considered to be benign. This paper reviews some catastrophic late complications from intrapelvic methylmethacrylate. We also describe a case of progressive, unbearable dyspareunia beginning three years after total hip replacement. A possible explanation of the pathop...

Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) that is based on α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) is considered desirable for bone tissue engineering because of its relatively rapid degradation properties. However, such cement is relatively weak, restricting its use to areas of low mechanical stress. Wollastonite fibers (WF) have been used to improve the mechanical strength of biomaterials. However, the biologica...

In a pioneering work, Powers and Brownyard (1948) were the first to systematically investigate the reaction of cement and water and the formation of cement paste. In the late 1940s they presented a thorough model of the cement paste, in which unreacted water and cement, the hydration product, and (gel and capillary) porosity were considered. Via extensive and carefully executed experiments majo...

It was with great interest that we read the article by Lim et al, “Kyphoplasty for the Treatment of Vertebral Compression Fractures in a Cancer Patient with Neurological Deficits and Anterior Vertebral Wall Destruction,” published in the 2011 November/December issue of Pain Physician (1). This is a well-prepared case report which introduces a new cement injection technique used in kyphoplasty f...

The Berriasian-Valanginian Fahliyan Formation forms one of the giant reservoirs in the subsurface of the Abadan plain, onshore Iran. A detailed petrographical analysis of the available cores and thin sections revealed that the different diagenetic parameters influenced the reservoir quality of the Fahliyan Formation in this field. The Fahliyan Formation has been influenced by three diagenetic e...

For more than 100 years, the primary theme underlying the NBS/NIST staff contribution to the crystallography of building materials has been the development of an improved understanding of concrete materials performance. Over that time period, portland cement concrete has become one of the most important of our construction materials for roads, buildings, and other large municipal structures. At...

BACKGROUND Cystic bony defects are characteristics of bone tumours especially benign ones e.g. Giant cell tumours of bone [GCT] and some metastatic tumours to bone. These patients present late with significant cystic cavities at a time the cost and availability of prosthetic implants to replace these defects sometimes precludes resection. The objective of this study is to evaluate the outcome o...

In a search for novel developmental genes expressed in a spatially restricted pattern in dorsal ectoderm of Xenopus we have identified XAG-2, a cement gland-specific gene with a putative role in ectodermal patterning. XAG-2 encodes a secreted protein, which is expressed in the anterior region of dorsal ectoderm from late gastrula stages onwards. Activation of XAG-2 transcription is observed in ...

The homeobox gene otx2 is a key regulator of positional identity in vertebrates, however its downstream target genes and mechanism of action are not known. We have analyzed otx2 function during formation of the Xenopus cement gland, an organ that expresses otx2. The cement gland forms at early neurula from extreme anterior ectoderm and corresponds to the chin primordium of mammals. Previous stu...

STUDY DESIGN A retrospective study. PURPOSE To elucidate the causes of late revision following bone cement augmentation for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) or kyphoplasty (KP) is thought to be effective for the treatment of OVCFs. Many complications related to PVP or KP have been reported. However, there is a pau...