The mouse Langerhans cell (LC) network is established through the differentiation of embryonic LC precursors. BMP7 and TGFβ1 initiate cellular signaling that is essential for inducing LC differentiation and preserving LCs in a quiescent state, respectively. Here we show that loss of Cbfβ2, one of two RNA splice variants of the Cbfb gene, results in long-term persistence of embryonic LC precurso...

Photocurable monomer-doped liquid crystal (LC) cells were processed via holographic exposure using a low-power He–Ne laser to generate holographic polymer networks. The polymer network LC (PNLC) cells are used to fabricate infrared phase modulators at 1550 nm wavelength possessing favorable electro-optical performance. Compared with our previous work, the percentages of ingredients in the LC mi...

Nematic liquid-crystal (LC) elastomers and gels have a rubbery polymer network coupled to the nematic director. While LC elastomers show a single, non-hydrodynamic relaxation mode, dynamic light-scattering studies of self-assembled liquid-crystal gels reveal orientational fluctuations that relax over a broad time scale. At short times, the relaxation dynamics exhibit hydrodynamic behavior. In c...

The locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system is thought to act at synaptic, cellular, microcircuit, and network levels to facilitate cognitive functions through at least two different processes, not mutually exclusive. Accordingly, as a reset signal, the LC-NE system could trigger brain network reorganizations in response to salient information in the environment and/or adjust the neural g...

We consider the problem of controlling distributed storage in a distribution network with renewable distributed generation to minimize network operational cost while satisfying power quality constraints. We assume control is distributed between a global controller (GC) and local controllers (LC) located at the nodes with storage units. Each LC has access to its most recent net load data and run...

Human Langerhans cell (LC) precursors populate the epidermis early during prenatal development and thereafter undergo massive proliferation. The prototypic antiproliferative cytokine TGF-β1 is required for LC differentiation from human CD34(+) hematopoietic progenitor cells and blood monocytes in vitro. Similarly, TGF-β1 deficiency results in LC loss in vivo. However, immunohistology studies re...

A multi-stage active switched inductor-capacitor network (SLCN)-based high gain DC-DC converter structure with a single switch is proposed in this paper. The idea of utilizing multiple number SLCN networks to achieve an ultra-voltage proposed. achievement ultra-gain helps operate the at lower duty ratio. Hence, reduction conduction loss, improvement efficiency and elimination core saturation ar...