the united states policy toward iran during 1985-7 is a significant issue. the us had followed a confrontationist policy toward iran after the 1979 revolution but a shift in the policy could be observed in the mid 1980's in the form of us attempts to make a rapprochement possible. this article explains this shift through the examination of the impact of this variable: solving us problems i...

Colour harmony plays an important role in fine arts, architecture and design. But it can be also important to describe the quality of light sources: the distortion of perceived colour harmony of a set of colour samples under a light source can be a relevant factor by ranking the perceived colour quality of different light sources. In an earlier experimental study[1], we came to the conclusion t...

Majority voting outcomes over different immigration levels of lowskilled workers are examined in a two-period overlapping-generation model in which the labour market and intraand intergenerational transfer schemes translate the impact of immigration into preferences of heterogeneous citizens. In most of the cases being examined, the model predicts a unique policy choice. However, a voting cycle...

In this study, we propose an indoor navigation system that utilizes visible light communication technology, which employs LED lights and a geomagnetic correction method, aimed at supporting visually impaired people who travel indoors. To verify the effectiveness of this system, we conducted an experiment targeting visually impaired people. Although acquiring accurate positional information and ...

Presently, the relationship between policy and design is very much open for debate as to how these two concepts differ, relate, interact with one another. There exists little agreement on their relational trajectory course, design, originating in studies tradition while other, policy, being founded studies. The Special Issue has paid particular attention upcoming area of research where discipli...

While LEDs themselves are extremely reliable and have a long lifetime, are electronic LED drivers capable of providing the required current/voltage input to the LEDs over their whole lifetime? This paper aims to address the above question in general and for the Xitanium family of LED drivers developed by Philips Lighting specifically. It will describe some of the strategies which Philips applie...

the us foreign policy processes in the middle east, in the post world war ii period, have always brought about security challenge, danger and crisis, in the region. all us presidents have experienced grave security crisis in this geopolitical area. there also exists many indications of distrust of the current foreign us policy exercised in the middle east on the part of middle eastern citizens....