based on a general rule in civil liability, external causes limits or excludes the liability of defendant. however, the question is that whether it is possible to applied the general rule when there are compulsory liability insurances? this paper is intended to study the subject-matter regarding traffic accidents (as one of the anticipated cases of compulsory insurances) in iranian and french l...

In this short paper we introduce some novel arguments based on legal cases represented as sets of dimensions. Although there has been much work on arguments based on factors, there has been relatively little recent work which has exploited dimensional representations. The arguments that we consider have a flavour quite distinct from those generated from cases represented as factors, which lack ...

In a common law system, cases play a vital role in interpreting statutes, building arguments, organizing analyses, and crafting specific points of view. Legal research often begins with statutes or regulations, the primary law passed by the legislature or regulatory agency in the relevant jurisdiction. Cases in turn interpret those statutes and regulations. Cases may be the sole source of the l...

to employ his spare time in literary pursuits, and his two last works, the " Life of Charles Dickens " and the " Life of Dean Swift," will of themselves show what a loss the literary world has sustained in his death, and they will remain as standard English works on biography. We announce with great satisfaction the appointment of Dr. Crichton Browne to the office of Lord Chancellor's Visitor o...

In this paper we discuss how different levels of reasoning can occur in legal cases. We build upon our recent work in which we have reconstructed the reasoning of the majority and dissenting opinions for a particular case through the use of Belief-DesireIntention (BDI) agents to replicate the contrasting views involved in the actual decision. This reconstruction has shown how the reasoning invo...

The adoption of such policies as mandatory arrest, pro-arrest, and no-drop prosecution has changed the arrest and prosecution practices in domestic violence cases. Proarrest refers to arrest being preferred, but not required. No-drop prosecution allows the prosecutor, with or without the cooperation of the victim, to decide if the evidence merits going forward. Prosecution and conviction practi...