A legal text usually long and complicated, it has some characteristic that make it different from other dailyuse texts.Then, translating a legal text is generally considered to be difficult. This paper introduces an approach to split a legal sentence based on its logical structure and presents selecting appropriate translation rules to improve phrase reordering of legal translation. We use a me...

speedy trail is one of the important subjects of civil procedure. the concept of consequences of speedy trail, because of their direct and speedy effects on claimants and defendants and even some times on third parties, is very important. the judge’s unsuitable treatment can also have some consequences in respect of his responsibility. in this paper it has been tried to analyze the consequences...

Legal ontologies are conceptual models of specific parts of the legal domain. They provide stable foundations for domain representation, essential to building legal information systems. The ontology presented in this paper provides an analysis of the concept of knowledge in the legal domain. It is shown how new functions for IT applications in the legal domain can be developed on the basis of t...

medical ethics is a realm where four important subjects of philosophy, medicine, theology and law are covered. physicians and philosophers cooperation in this area will have great efficiency in the respective ethical rules formation. in addition to respect the autonomy of the patient, physician's obligation is to ensure that the medical intervention has benefit for the patient and the harm is m...

the ngos are one of the most important state actors. due to useful functions of these organizations, the state has established and codified some regulations regarding their activity. this study sought to explain the issue and their activities in two legal systems of iran and france. in iranian legal system, some regulations exist regarding their foundation and activity which is a bit strict in ...

The information crisis in law demands proper instruments of information filtering. Traditional information retrieval systems do not satisfy these demands because they present only the syntactic form of documents. Exploratory data analysis is a good tool for the representation of legal knowledge within the syntactic structure of the documents. It could also solve the bottleneck of the time-consu...

abstract the theory of hardship is a situation in which the implementation of contractual obligation, as a result of unpredictable events that are out of control, becomes economically difficult and expensive without being physically impossible and distorts the balance of the contract. in such a situation, the hardship theory is applied to restore the balance of the contract. this matter has var...

the system of land registration is protective formalism that is formed based on the theory of “public confidence”. this theory presumes that what reflected by the land registration offices is based on the legal fact. this theory, which provides legal stability and security in transactions, is manifested in three guiding principles including “mirror principle”, “curtain principle” and “insurance...

The human reasoning process used in conducting arguments to resolve conflicts and reach a decision is an interdisciplinary study. Modelling argumentation has a great impact on the development of theories and applications in AI especially in critical domains that involve richness of reasoning such as Law. Therefore, argumentation has been recognised as a core topic in AI and Law. Developing comp...