OBJECTIVES To determine whether accumulation of 2-hydroxyglutarate in IDH-mutated low-grade gliomas (LGG; WHO grade II) correlates with their malignant transformation and to evaluate changes in metabolite levels during malignant progression. METHODS Samples from 54 patients were screened for IDH mutations: 17 patients with LGG without malignant transformation, 18 patients with both LGG and th...

BACKGROUND Diffuse gliomas, grades II and III, hereafter called lower-grade gliomas (LGG), have variable, difficult to predict clinical courses, resulting in multiple studies to identify prognostic biomarkers. The purpose of this study was to assess expression or methylation of the homeobox family gene SHOX2 as independent markers for LGG survival. METHODS We downloaded publically available g...

Consumption of the probiotic bacteria LactobacillusrhamnosusLGG and flavanol-rich cocoa have purported immune modulating effects. This study compared the host response to infection with Ascaris suum in three-month-old pigs fed a standard growth diet supplemented with a vehicle control: LGG, cocoa powder (CP) or LGG + CP. Pigs were inoculated with infective A. suum eggs during Week 5 of dietary ...

Recently, Stitt et al. (1995) reported that protein S (PS), but not Gas6, is a potent ligand for the receptor tyrosine kinase known as Rse, Tyro 3, Brt, Sky, and Tif (hereafter referred to as Rse/Tyro 3). PS is an abundant serum protein previously characterized as an essential anticoagu-lant. Gas6, which was identified as a gene whose expression is increased by growth arrest, shares 43% amino a...

BACKGROUND Human rotavirus (HRV) is the most important cause of severe diarrhea in infants and young children. Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) reduces rotavirus infection and diarrhea. However, the molecular mechanisms of LGG-mediated protection from rotavirus infection are poorly understood. Autophagy plays an essential role in responses to microbial pathogens. However, the role of ...

Mouse peritoneal macrophages and macrophages derived from normal bone marrow progenitors in vitro possess surface receptors whose predominant specificity is directed toward the lgG2a subclass of lgG moleclues. Myelomonocytic leukemic cells also possess such lgG receptors but in an abnormally low frequency and without demonstrable subclass specificity. Within the leukemic population, monoblasts ...

BACKGROUND Patients with low-grade gliomas (LGG), which are the most common childhood brain tumors, have excellent long-term survival. Dissemination of LGG is rare. Robust data on the incidence, presentation, patterns of dissemination, disease behavior, outcome, and best-management approaches do not exist. We describe 20 years of follow-up of children with metastatic LGG. PROCEDURE Data colle...

Following the widely publicized presentation of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 9802 data, we sought to understand how these data had been translated to the management of low grade gliomas (LGG) by Australian neuro-oncology clinicians. The de novo management of LGG is transitioning to include postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy after the RTOG 9802 study results demonstrated ...

OBJECTIVE The probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is shown to hamper the presence of mutans streptococci in saliva and may have positive effects on oral health. We investigated the effects of LGG on the cariogenic potential and microbial composition of saliva-derived microcosms. DESIGN Single and dual species biofilms of LGG and Streptococcus mutans, and saliva-derived microcosm...

The present study determined the ability of the Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG strain (LGG) to enhance the anticancer effects of geniposide on HSC-3 human oral squamous carcinoma cells. LGG (1.0x103 CFU/ml) on its own had no impact on human oral keratinocytes and HSC-3 cancer cells. Geniposide (25 or 50 μg/ml) had no impact on human oral keratinocytes, but exerted growth inhibitory effects on HSC-3...