We analyze the primal-dual upper bound method and prove that its bias is inversely proportional to the number of paths in sub-simulations for a large class of cases. We develop a methodology for estimating and reducing the bias. We present numerical results showing that the new technique is indeed effective.

Hirotaka Yoshino, Tetsuya Shiromizu, and Masaru Shibata (1) Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan (2) Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan (3) Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan and (4) Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro, To...

The statistical implications of the direct linear plot for enzyme kinetic data, described in the preceding paper (Eisenthal & Cornish-Bowden, 1974), are discussed for the case of the Michaelis-Menten equation. The plot is shown to lead directly to non-parametric confidence limits for the kinetic parameters, V and K(m), which depend on far less sweeping assumptions about the nature of experiment...

in recent years, the trend in solving optimization problems has been directed toward using heuristic algorithms such as neural networks, genetic and ant colony algorithms. the main reason for this trend can be attributed to the fact that these algorithms can be efficiently adjusted to the specific search space to which they are applied and consequently they can be used for many optimization pro...

although some 3d slope stability algorithms have been proposed in recent three decades, still role of pore pressures in three dimensional slope stability analyses and considering the effects of pore water pressure in 3d slope stability studies needs to be investigated. in this paper, a limit analysis formulation for investigation of role of the pore water pressure in three dimensional slope sta...