The existing image and data compression techniques try to minimize the mean square deviation between the original data f(x, y, z) and the compresseddecompressed data f̃(x, y, z). In many practical situations, reconstruction that only guaranteed mean square error over the data set is unacceptable. For example, if we use the meteorological data to plan a best trajectory for a plane, then what we r...

What does it mean to be straight? That the direction of the line does not change. In other words, the unit tangent vector to the curve remains constant. Note that the speed does not need to be constant; only the direction remains the same. However, if we are only interested in the shape of the line, and not in the particular manner in which we move along it, it is convenient to use a descriptio...

background: the hbv-x (hbx) protein is believed to contribute to the development of hcc. however, the molecular mechanisms involved in hbx-mediated hepatocarcinogenesis remain obscure. in this study, the effect of hepatitis b virus x gene and its protein product hbxag on expression of p53 gene in hep g2 cell line was investigated. methods: viral dna extracted from hbv-positive serum and hbx gen...

the fluid flow and heat transfer in a three-dimensional microchannel filled with al2o3- water nanofluid is numerically investigated. the hybrid scheme is used to discretize the convection terms and simpler algorithm is adopted to couple the velocity and pressure field in the momentum equations. the temperature fields, variation of horizontal velocity along the centre line of the channel, averag...

Existence theorems of generalized variational inequalities and generalized complementarity problems are obtained in topological vector spaces for demi operators which are upper hemicontinuous along line segments in a convex set X . Fixed point theorems are also given in Hilbert spaces for set-valued operators T which are upper hemicontinuous along line segments in X such that I − T are demi ope...

In the previous papers (notably, Y. Kodama, J. Phys. A 37, 11169-11190 (2004), and G. Biondini and S. Chakravarty, J. Math. Phys. 47 033514 (2006)), we found a large variety of line-soliton solutions of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili II (KPII) equation. The line-soliton solutions are solitary waves which decay exponentially in (x,y)-plane except along certain rays. In this paper, we show that those...

Do runoff elections, using the same voting rule as the initial election but just on the winning candidates, increase or decrease the complexity of manipulation? Does allowing revoting in the runoff increase or decrease the complexity relative to just having a runoff without revoting? We show that, for both weighted and unweighted voting, every possible answer can be made to hold, even for elect...