The lower mycotoxin levels detected in urine make the development of sensitive and accurate analytical methods essential. Three extraction methods, namely salting-out liquid-liquid extraction (SALLE), miniQuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe), and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), were evaluated and compared based on analytical parameters for the quantitativ...

Background: Analysis of aluminium (Al) in urine samples is required in management of a number of diseases including patients with renal failure. This work aimed to present dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction (USAEME) methods for the preconcentration of ultratrace amount of aluminum in human urine prior to its determination by a...

Abstract Two extraction procedures, namely dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and based on solidification of floating organic drop (DLLME-SFOD), have been compared for the spectrophotometric determination Fe (III). In both (III) was extracted after complexation with gallic acid in presence cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Tetrachloroethylene 1-undecanol were used as solvents...

Solvent extraction remains one of the fundamental sample preparation techniques in the analysis of environmental solid samples, but organic solvents are toxic and environmentally harmful, therefore one of the possible greening directions is its miniaturization. The present review covers the relevant research from the field of application of microextraction to the sample preparation of environme...

The review of the RP HPLC analysis of basic psychotropic drugs is presented. It contains sample preparation methods with centrifugation, protein precipitation, liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), solid-phase extraction (SPE), solid-phase microextraction (SPME), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and RP-HPLC analysis. Chromatographic behavior of bas...

dispersive liquid liquid microextraction (dllme) combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (gc–ms) was used for the extraction and determination of 13 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) in mineral water samples. in this procedure, the suitable combination of extraction solvent (500 µl chloroform) and disperser solvent (1000 µl acetone) were quickly injected into the water sample (...

Abstract Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and high performance liquid chromatography – UV detection was presented for extraction determination of nandrolone testosterone in human urines. Chloroform at microliter volume level acetonitrile were used as dispersive solvents, respectively. The main advantages method are speed, enrichment factor, recovery, good repeatability solvent µ...

A very simple, rapid and sensitive dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) followed by gas chromatography and flame ionization detection (GC-FID) was developed for the determination of phenol and carvacrol in honey samples. A mixture of 100 μl dichloromethane (extraction solvent) and 0.5 ml acetonitrile (disperser solvent) was rapidly injected into sample solution. Thereby a cloudy sol...

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been developed for preconcentration and determination of tramadol, ((±)-cis-2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol-HCl), in aqueous and biological samples (urine, blood). DLLME is a simple, rapid and efficient method for determination of drugs in aqueous samples. Eff...

In this research paper, a simple and economic ionic liquid-based liquid-liquid microextraction (IL-DLLME) procedure was developed to ensure efficient rapid separation preconcentration of erythrosine from cosmetic food samples. Important parameters such as IL volume, temperature, acetone ultrasonic time pH that may affect the IL-DLLME have been optimized by central composite design (CCD) based o...