In systems of diffusing particles, we investigate large deviations a time-averaged measure clustering around one particle. We focus on biased ensembles trajectories, which realise large-deviation events. The bias acts single particle, but elicits response that spans the whole system. analyse this effect through lens Macroscopic Fluctuation Theory, focussing coupling to hydrodynamic modes. This ...

We study solution concepts for economic games that are resistant to local deviations. Strategy spaces are l subsets of R and local deviations are small in the Euclidean metric. We define local Nash equilibrium and local evolutionarily stable strategy, and present applications to Walrasian outcomes in Cournot games and separating outcomes in screening models.  2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rig...