Background:Ghrelin, an endogenous ligand for the growthsecretagogue receptor is predominantly produced in the stomach and anexpression of ghrelin has recently been identified in placenta and ovary. OBJECTIVES: Therefore, we decited to measure ovarian ghrelin as quantitative andevaluate the correlation between ghrelin and estrogen during second half ofovine pregnancy. METHODS: The ovarian sample...

Although the ovaries produce majority of estrogens in women before menopause, estrogen is also synthesized peripheral tissues such as adipose tissue (AT). The typical female AT distribution, concentrated subcutaneous and femoro-gluteal regions, estrogen-mediated, but significance synthesis premenopausal poorly understood. Serum visceral homogenates from 28 undergoing non-malignant surgery were ...

OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review of the effects of estrogen therapy on symptoms suggestive of overactive bladder (OAB) in postmenopausal women. MATERIALS AND METHODS This analysis involved a literature review of Medline, Excerpta Medica, and the Science Citation Index and a manual search of popular urology, gynecology, gerontology, and primary care medicine journals from January 1969 ...

Postmenopausal vaginal atrophy, resulting from decreased estrogen production, frequently requires treatment. Estrogen preparations provide the most effective treatment; local application is preferred to systemic drugs when treating only vaginal symptoms. As local estrogen therapies have comparable efficacy, this study aimed to understand treatment practices, assess experiences with different fo...

Upregulation of aromatase (estrogen synthase) in glia around the site of neural injury may limit neural degeneration. Systemic administration of estrogen limits neural damage, but the specific role of local estrogen provision in this effect is unclear. In male zebra finches, we tested the effect of local aromatase inhibition and estrogen replacement on type of cellular degeneration and the dist...

The purpose of this review is to summarize current information regarding the pathophysiology and management of vaginal atrophy (sometimes called "atrophic vaginitis") and to identify barriers to its treatment with local (or "topical") vaginal estrogen therapy. Relevant clinical trials, meta-analyses, and reviews were identified through the PubMed database. Local estrogen therapy is effective an...