The main goal of this note is to introduce another second-order differenceequation where every nontrivial solution is of minimal period 5, namelythe difference equation:xn+1 =1 + xn−1xnxn−1 − 1, n = 1, 2, 3, . . .with initial conditions x0 and x1 any real numbers such that x0x1 6= 1.

nonlinear difference equations of higher order are important in applications; such equations appear naturally as discrete analogues of differential and delay differential equations which model various diverse phenomena in biology, ecology, economics, physics and engineering. the study of dynamical properties of such equations is of great importance in many areas. the autonomous difference equat...

We obtain a set of sufficient conditions under which all positive solutions of the nonlinear delay difference equation x„+l = x„f(xn_k), n = 0,1,2,..., are attracted to the positive equilibrium of the equation. Our result applies, for example, to the delay logistic model JVI+i = aN¡/(\ +ßNt_k) and to the delay difference equation xn+i = x„er^~x"-k'1 .

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>The paper considers a <inline-formula><tex-math id="M1">\begin{document}$ n $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>-patch model with migration terms, where each patch follows logistic law. First, we give some properties of the total equilibrium population. In particular cases, determine conditions under which fragmentation and can l...