Insects provide examples of many cunning stratagems to cope with the challenges of living in a world dominated by surface forces. Despite being the current masters of the land environment, they are at constant risk of being entrapped in liquids, which they prevent by having waxy and hairy surfaces. The problem is particularly acute in an enclosed space, such as a plant gall. Using secreted wax ...

literatures of various cultures interfere with one another so that each of them may become part of another’s literary polysystem. accordingly, the researchers, in this study, attempted to recognize what position persian literary polysystem allowed english literature in particular persian translations of english modern short stories to occupy during 1990-2005. this study also intended to find ou...

Based on ? and ? convergence analysis, we find a high persistence of innovation gaps for international indices reported by the European Commission. Our research confirms diverging scientific potential across analyzed economies. Estimation provides evidence in case R&D expenses relative position global technological frontier. We propose simple fixed effect panel regression measuring innovati...

haft-peykar (or bahram-nameh) is the fourth nizami’s verse composition in terms of time and one of his masterpieces besides his khosrow and shirin. haft-peykar consists of two general parts: the first part is about bahram and his life and the second one is about the stories of his seven wives. the structure of the book makes it possible to be criticized through a formalistic approach. the chara...

Abstract Pluralist mathematical realism, the view that there exists more than one universe, has become an influential position in philosophy of mathematics. I argue that, if pluralism is true (and we have good reason to believe it is), then realism cannot (easily) be justified by arguments from indispensability mathematics science. This because any justificatory chain inferences applications sc...