One hundred and seventy-four consecutive patients with symptoms of derangement of the knee were examined with an arthroscope under local anaesthesia using a continuous pressure-irrigation system. A 0.2 per cent prilocaine-saline solution was used as irrigation fluid. In the first 19 patients the serum level of prilocaine was monitored for six hours after the start of irrigation. Eighteen of the...

Irrigation has become commonplace for residential homeowners desiring high quality landscapes in Florida. The goal of this project was to document irrigation system uniformity in Central Florida and to quantify distribution uniformity of residential sprinkler equipment under controlled conditions. The catch-can testing procedure used was a modified version of both the American Society of Agricu...

The cylindrical filters presently used in drip irrigation systems frequently clog, increasing pressure loss and lowering the flow rate through the filters. This work investigates alternative filtration strategies that increase the reliability of, and are compatible with, existing systems. To test different filtration strategies, a drip irrigation test setup was built to measure the pressure los...

introduction: designing and management of sprinkler irrigation systems depend on the situation and location of its implementation and often rely on professional and long-term tests (9). having a good irrigation system depends on knowledge of the relationship between soil, water, plants, irrigation scheduling, the required amount of irrigation water to the water-holding capacity of soil, climate...

AIM To compare the apical negative pressure irrigation (ANP) with conventional irrigation in the teeth of immature dogs with apical periodontitis. METHODS Fifty-two immature pre-molar root canals were randomly assigned into 4 groups: ANP (n=15); conventional irrigation (n=17); healthy teeth (control) (n = 10); and teeth with untreated apical periodontitis (control) (n=10). After induction of ...

PURPOSE This study evaluated long-term results of transanal irrigation for defecation disturbances. METHODS Three hundred and forty-eight patients [248 women and 100 men; median age 52 years (range, 5-85)] suffering from constipation and fecal incontinence were introduced to transanal irrigation. Patients using transanal irrigation at follow-up received a mailed questionnaire describing bowel...

High-pressure lavage produces greater visible damage to bone at a macroscopic and microscopic level when compared with low-pressure lavage and can result in delay in the healing of fractures. Osteoblasts and adipocytes are derived from mesenchymal stem cells. Conditions which lead to bone loss often involve a switch from the osteoblast to adipocyte lineage. We have therefore examined the effect...

in this study, hydraulic properties of low pressure drip irrigation systems were studied under laboratory conditions and using of the pipes that exist in iran. therefore, effect of various heads from 0.45 to 1.8m was evaluated for lateral pipe with outside diameter 32mm and length of 16, 30, 60 and also the lateral pipe with length 16 and outside diameter of 16, 20, 25 and 32mm, on hydraulic ch...

OBJECTIVE To determine if isotonic sodium chloride (hereinafter "saline") nasal irrigations performed with large volume and delivered with low positive pressure are more effective than saline sprays at improving quality of life and decreasing medication use. DESIGN A prospective, randomized controlled trial. SETTING Community. PARTICIPANTS A total of 127 adults with chronic nasal and sinu...

INTRODUCTION Flexible ureterorenoscopy is becoming a first-line treatment for many intrarenal stones. Ureteric access sheaths are commonly used to aid access, stone removal and reduce intrarenal pressure. We evaluated the effects of two commonly used access sheaths on irrigation flow and intrarenal pressure during flexible ureterorenoscopy. We measured the effect of scope instrumentation on flo...