Eocene climate and associated biotic patterns provide an analog system to understand their modern interactions. The relationship between mean annual temperatures and winter temperatures-temperature seasonality-may be an important factor in this dynamic. Fossils of frost-intolerant palms imply low Eocene temperature seasonality into high latitudes, constraining average winter temperatures there ...

BACKGROUND Discovery of Eocene non-marine vertebrates, including crocodylians, turtles, bony fishes, and mammals in Canada's High Arctic was a critical paleontological contribution of the last century because it indicated that this region of the Arctic had been mild, temperate, and ice-free during the early - middle Eocene (∼53-50 Ma), despite being well above the Arctic Circle. To date, these ...

A biometric analysis of the lower teeth of Recent cow sharks (Hexanchidae) investigates the ontogenetic and phylogen− etic aspects of the dental characters employed by many ichthyologists and palaeontologists. The dental characters cur− rently used to separate two extant species of sixgill sharks (Hexanchus griseus and H. nakamurai) are analysed and the fossil record of their relatives reviewed...

—The late Paleocene-early Eocene transition was characterized by a long period of global warming that culminated with the highest temperatures of the Cenozoic. This interval is associated with a significant increase in plant diversity in temperate latitudes. However, data from tropical regions remain largely unknown. The record of pollen and spore diversity across the late Paleocene to the earl...

Paleocene and  Lower Eocene deposits in SW Iran are known as Pabdeh formation.Pabdeh formation is one of the most important lithostratigraphy unit as source rock has been deposited in Zagros basin over an extremely long period in time. The area under research is the Ghachsaran 55 subsurface Section located  from the Ghachsaran oil field in Dezful embeyment in zagros fold zone. The Lower boundry...

A new order and family (Sandcolei formes: Sandcoleidae) is erected for the Middle Eocene genera Eobucco Feduccia and Martin 1976, Uintornis Marsh 1872, and Botauroides Shufeldt 1915 of Wyoming and three new genera, Sandcoleus, Anneavis, and Chascacocolius from the Lower Eocene of Wyoming. Sandcoleiforms were coly-like (Coliidae) in appearance, but they exhibited very different bill specializati...

The Cenozoic planktonic foraminifera (PF) (calcareous zooplankton) have arguably the most detailed fossil record of any group. The quality of this record allows models of environmental controls on macroecology, developed for Recent assemblages, to be tested on intervals with profoundly different climatic conditions. These analyses shed light on the role of long-term global cooling in establishi...

We document nine lower-middle Eocene sequences on the New Jersey coastal plain and compare them with global dO and Haq et al. records. Early Eocene hiatuses do not match dO changes, and it is unlikely that they are the result of glacioeustasy, consistent with an ice-free early Eocene. Early-middle Eocene (49–43 Ma) evidence for a link between sequences and dO is equivocal, and the presence of l...