Articular cartilage does not integrate due primarily to a scarcity of cross-links and viable cells at the interface. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that lysyl-oxidase, a metalloenzyme that forms collagen cross-links, would be effective in improving integration between native-to-native, as well as tissue engineered-to-native cartilage surfaces. To examine these hypotheses...

Cox TR, Erler JT. Lysyl oxidase in colorectal cancer. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 305: G659–G666, 2013. First published September 5, 2013; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00425.2012.—Colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent form of cancer worldwide and fourth-leading cause of cancer-related mortality, leading to 600,000 deaths annually, predominantly affecting the developed world. Lysyl oxid...

Previous studies have pointed towards a cofactor role for pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) in lysyl oxidase, the enzyme that generates the peptidyl aldehyde precursor to the lysine-derived cross-linkages in elastin and collagen. The nature of a carbonyl moiety in purified bovine aortic lysyl oxidase was explored in the present study. A PLP dinitrophenylhydrazone could not be isolated from lysyl oxi...

Lysyl oxidase plays a critical role in the formation of the extracellular matrix, and its activity is required for the normal maturation and cross-linking of collagen and elastin. An 18-kDa lysyl oxidase propeptide (LOPP) is generated from 50-kDa prolysyl oxidase by extracellular proteolytic cleavage during the biosynthesis of active 30-kDa lysyl oxidase enzyme. The fate and the functions of th...

The synthesis and post-translational processing of a lysyl oxidase precursor protein predicted by the cDNA sequence of rat aorta lysyl oxidase were investigated. In vitro transcription of the cloned lysyl oxidase cDNA and cell-free translation of its mRNA transcript yielded a 47-kDa protein in the absence and a 50-kDa glycosylated protein in the presence of pancreatic membranes, each of which w...

Neoplastic transformation mediated by ras oncogenes is associated with down-regulation of gene expression. We have constructed a subtracted complementary DNA library from preneoplastic rat 208F fibroblasts by hybridizing with mRNA from a ras-transformed subclone. One of the complementary DNA clones identified by this approach encodes the 3' end of lysyl oxidase, the homologue of the mouse ras r...

The localization of lysyl oxidase was examined in calf and rat aortic connective tissue at the ultrastructural level using polyclonal chicken anti-lysyl oxidase and gold conjugated rabbit anti-chicken immunoglobulin G to identify immunoreactive sites. Electron microscopy of calf aortic specimens revealed discrete gold deposits at the interface between extracellular bundles of amorphous elastin ...

The aim of this study was to investigate whether torasemide modifies collagen cross-linking in the failing human heart. We analyzed the degree of cross-linking and the expression of the enzyme lysyl oxidase, which regulates cross-linking, in the myocardium of patients with chronic heart failure at baseline and after 8 months of treatment with either torasemide or furosemide in addition to their...

Isonicotinic acid hydrazide (isoniazid) causes a large increase in the salt-solubility of collagen when injected into chick embryos; this change is accompanied by the inactivation of lysyl oxidase (EC 1.4.3.13), the enzyme responsible for initiating cross-link formation in collagen and elastin. In addition, isoniazid markedly decreases the liver content of pyridoxal phosphate. The depletion of ...

The aim of this study was to investigate whether torasemide modifies collagen cross-linking in the failing human heart. We analyzed the degree of cross-linking and the expression of the enzyme lysyl oxidase, which regulates cross-linking, in the myocardium of patients with chronic heart failure at baseline and after 8 months of treatment with either torasemide or furosemide in addition to their...