THE LANCET • Vol 356 • July 22, 2000 333 Klinefelter’s syndrome Klinefelter’s syndrome is the most common cause of testicular failure that results in impairments in both spermatogenesis and—to a lesser extent—testosterone production. This syndrome is the most common sexchromosome disorder affecting 1 in 500 men across all ethnic groups, but the diagnosis is often delayed because of substantial ...

– There is a high prevalence of thyroid disorder in the general population. Both hypo and hyperthyroidism have been attributed to male and female sexual dysfunction. The role of thyroid disorders in female infertility has been firmly established, while their role in male infertility is yet to be clearly defined. hyperthyroidism causes alterations in the sex steroid hormone metabolism as well as...

Connexin43 (Cx43) is abundantly expressed in mammalian testes and implicated in the regulation of cell-to-cell interaction between germ cells and Sertoli cells, which is essential to the normal process of spermatogenesis. In the present study, we investigated the relation between Cx43 expression and the degree of spermatogenesis in infertile human testes. Immunohistochemical analysis of Cx43 wa...

The genetic cause of male subfertility due to impaired spermatogenesis is unknown in the majority of cases, but the general assumption is that it is a complex disorder. The aim of this study was to determine whether mutations occur in the HNRNP G-T gene in men with idiopathic impaired spermatogenesis. The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein G-T (HNRNP G-T) gene is located in chromosomal reg...

To investigate the mechanism of spermatogenesis arrest derived from heat treatment and to screen temperature-related genes involved in spermatogenesis, the authors analyzed the differences in gene expression between cryptorchid and scrotal testes in rats, and cloned a full-length cDNA named TRS1. In situ hybridization showed that TRS1 mRNA was mainly expressed in spermatocyte and round spermati...

Spermatogenesis is a highly regulated process during which haploid sperm cells are generated. Although autophagy is involved in the spermatogenesis process, the molecular pathways and regulations of autophagy in germ cell development remain elusive. Here, we showed that Ppp1r36, a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 1, is expressed during gonadal development, mainly in testes during sperm...

BACKGROUND The Y-chromosome AZF regions include genes whose functions and specific roles in spermatogenesis have not been fully clarified. This study investigated the expression of several AZF (USP9Y, DDX3Y/DDX3Yt1, EIF1AY and PRY) and USP9X transcripts in testicular biopsies of 89 azoospermic men who had been classified by histology and cytology assessments. METHODS Expression was analysed b...

Lead does not succumb to biological decomposition, and its ability accumulate in the body makes it a serious threat health of people animals, while affecting reproductive function. In most cases, poisoning with lead remains asymptomatic. number studies authors concluded that men level blood more than >40 μg/dL leads disorder functions, such as low libido, small sperm volume, amount spermatoz...

The currently available methods of assessing testicular toxicity and fertility are discussed. Compounds inducing testicular atrophy mainly affect the seminiferous epithelium, with progressive loss of spermatozoa, spermatids, spermatocytes, and spermatogonia. Quantitative histometric analysis of spermatogenesis, together with hormone assays, could be used to advantage in defining the underlying ...