Public policy decisions are increasingly made by regional governance efforts that involve diverse decision makers from multiple government units within a geographic region. These decision-making bodies face competing pressures to represent regional and local interests. We study how decision makers balance preferences for regionalism and localism within metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs)...

A P systems based general framework for modeling ecosystems dynamics will be described. Roughly speaking, the idea is to use several regions (environments) that can be connected, each of them containing a probabilistic P system with active membranes (having identical skeleton for every environment). Some real case studies will be displayed, discussing the usefulness of this tool in simulating c...

BACKGROUND Current healthcare systems have extended the evidence-based medicine (EBM) approach to health policy and delivery decisions, such as access-to-care, healthcare funding and health program continuance, through attempts to integrate valid and reliable evidence into the decision making process. These policy decisions have major impacts on society and have high personal and financial cost...

International location of manufacturing activities is an issue for managers of manufacturing companies as well as public policy makers. For managers, the issue is relevant because international locations offer opportunities for lowering costs due to productivity improvements. For governments the issue is important because it offers improvement of national income due to attracting manufacturing ...

BACKGROUND Decisions to scale up population health interventions from small projects to wider state or national implementation is fundamental to maximising population-wide health improvements. The objectives of this study were to examine: i) how decisions to scale up interventions are currently made in practice; ii) the role that evidence plays in informing decisions to scale up interventions; ...

background the inclusion of cost-effectiveness data, as a basis for priority setting rankings, is a distinguishing feature in the formulation of the swedish national guidelines. guidelines are generated with the direct intent to influence health policy and support decisions about the efficient allocation of scarce healthcare resources. certain medical conditions may be given higher priority ran...

In healthcare systems, one of the important actions is related to perishable products such as red blood cells (RBCs) units that its consumption management in different periods can contribute greatly to the optimality of the system. In this paper, main goal is to enhance the ability of medical community to organize the RBCs units’ consumption in way to deliver the unit order timely with a focus ...