We investigated the kinematics of mantle movement during escape jet behavior in an ontogenetic series of Sepioteuthis lessoniana, the oval squid. Changes in mantle diameter during the jet were measured from digitized S-VHS video fields of tethered animals that ranged in age from hatchlings to 9 weeks. The amplitude of both mantle contraction and mantle hyperinflation (expressed as percent chang...

MD simulations with pairwise potential on MgO and MgSiO3 vacancies pair were conducted to obtain the Newtonian viscosity of lower mantle. The results of MgO are such that the viscosity of the upper half portion in the lower mantle shows uniform structure but in the lower half it rapidly decreases to the core mantle boundary by two order of magnitude. On the other hand, the viscosity of MgSiO3 p...

Excess volcanism and crustal swelling associated with hot spots are generally attributed to thermal plumes upwelling from the mantle. This concept has been tested in the portion of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between 34 degrees and 45 degrees (Azores hot spot). Peridotite and basalt data indicate that the upper mantle in the hot spot has undergone a high degree of melting relative to the mantle else...

BACKGROUND Cyclin D1-positive B cells are occasionally found in the mantle zones of reactive lymphoid follicles, a condition that has been called "in situ mantle cell lymphoma". The clinical significance of this lesion remains uncertain. DESIGN AND METHODS The clinical and pathological characteristics, including SOX11 expression, of 23 cases initially diagnosed as in situ mantle cell lymphoma...

Continental lithospheric mantle is heterogeneous in terms of modal and chemical composition. There are fundamental differences between cratonic and younger mantle (Boyd et al., 1997), and non-cratonic mantle has broad compositional variations worldwide (McDonough, 1990). Xenoliths of spinel peridotites in alkali basalts are direct samples of lithospheric mantle but it may not be clear whether a...

Electrical conductivity in the Earth's mantle is sensitive to temperature and chemical environment. Recent laboratory measurements of electrical conductivity are combined with candidate mantle geotherms to produce synthetic electrical conductivity profiles. These profiles are used to forward model the Earth's geomagnetic response function C, results of which are compared with the observed globa...

BACKGROUND Cyclin D1-negative mantle cell lymphoma is difficult to distinguish from other small B-cell lymphomas. The clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with this form of lymphoma have not been well defined. Overexpression of the transcription factor SOX11 has been observed in conventional mantle cell lymphoma. The aim of this study was to determine whether this gene is expre...

Mantle convection patterns of the past are not well known, yet an understanding of changing mantle convection characteristics i fundamental to understanding the evolution of plate tectonics. There are very few ways to examine mantle characteristics of the past. Changes in spreading rate and volcanic activity with time have been used to draw conclusions about historic changes in mantle activity....

BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence that stromal cell interactions are required for the survival and drug resistance of several types of B-cell malignancies. There is relatively little information regarding the role of the bone marrow/lymphoid microenvironment in the pathogenesis of mantle cell lymphoma. In this study we investigated the interaction of primary mantle cell lymphoma cells wit...

The Yellowstone hotspot commonly is thought to result from a stationary mantle plume rooted in the lower mantle over which North America moves. Yet Yellowstone’s initiation and its association with the “backward” propagating Newberry hotspot across eastern Oregon pose difficult questions to those explaining Yellowstone as a simple consequence of a deep-seated plume. Teleseismic investigations a...