The existence and enforcement of legal regulations is imperative of maritime navigation. All legal regulations relating to maritime security and whose goal is securing the safety at sea, can be divided to regulations relating to navigable vessels, regulations relating to cargo carried by ships; regulations governing maintenance of waterways; regulations relating to human factor (regulations con...

the concept of limitation of liability has been recognized in the 11th century and developed in national legislations until 19th century. considering the importance of maritime transport as the backbone of international trade and great potential for conflict of laws in maritime transport, the need for harmonizing international maritime law, particularly the law on limitation of liability, becam...

Biological invasions have the potential to cause extensive ecological and economic damage. Maritime trade facilitates biological invasions by transferring species in ballast water, and on ships' hulls. With volumes of maritime trade increasing globally, efforts to prevent these biological invasions are of significant importance. Both the International Maritime Organization and the Australian go...

While maritime transport ensures about 90% of world trade volumes, it has not yet attracted as much attention as other transport systems from a graph perspective. As a result, the relative situation and the evolution of seaports within maritime networks are not well understood. This paper wishes verifying to what extent the hub-and-spoke strategies of ports and ocean carriers have modified the ...

abstract in the 7th and 8th centuries of hijri, kish island had been the maritime trade center of the persian gulf under the reign of  bani gheisar government, and any changes in this area has affected the neighboring areas and further lands. the objective of this essay is to study the economic changes of kish island and its excellent position in the maritime trade of the persian gulf, oman sea...

Electronic business and agents are among the most important and exciting areas of research and development in information and communication technology, with considerable potential impact and opportunities for the Maritime sector. This paper proposes the design of a Multi-Agent system for Internet Virtual Chartering Markets (MAVCM). The MAVCM system applies for business-to-business transactions ...

Against a background of widespread concern amongst maritime regulators, responsible ship owners, Pand I clubs, seafarers’ welfare organisations and trade unions, two recent pieces of our research provide insights into different aspects of the problem of maritime fatigue. A long history of research into working hours and conditions and their performance effects in process industries, road transp...