Tool use in extant primates may inform our understanding of the conditions that favoured the expansion of hominin technology and material culture. The 'method of exclusion' has, arguably, confirmed the presence of culture in wild animal populations by excluding ecological and genetic explanations for geographical variation in behaviour. However, this method neglects ecological influences on cul...

Many independent nations with strong tourism economies have colonial pasts. In parts of Africa and Asia, former colonial powers have left post-colonial legacies of language, buildings, trade and diplomatic links, and government bureaucratic structures (Ashcroft, Griffiths, & Tiffin, 2007; Sharp, 2009; Zein-Alabdin, 2009). There are also strong postcolonial influences on tourism (Carrigan, 2011;...

Through “cosplay” (costume play) fans perform existing fictional characters in selfcreated costumes, thereby enriching and extending popular narratives. Cosplay is a scarcely studied form of appropriation that transforms and actualizes an existing story or game in close connection to the fan community and the fan’s own identity (Lamerichs, 2011; Newman, 2008; Okabe, 2012; Winge, 2006). The acti...

The material evidence from sites across the Aleutian Islands reflects colonization events, subsequent adaptations, and influxes of ideas and/or people from the east. The occurrence in the eastern Aleutians of bifacial technology around 7000 BP, of artifacts similar to the Arctic Small Tool tradition between 4000 and 3500 BP, and of slate and jet objects around 1000 BP reflects repeated surges o...