Background: Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is one indicator to see the health status of women. mortality a very important problem for received attention because death does not only affect women, but also affects conditions families and communities. This women are main pillars in family who play an role educating children, providing care family, helping economy. rate that reflects maternal status...

abstract background: many maternal deaths caused are due to preventable causes during pregnancy and childbirth. therefore, the detailed analysis of the root causes provides developing a plan and appropriate interventions to prevent these deaths occurring in the health system. this study aims to determine the causes of maternal mortality using root cause analysis (rca) method. materials and meth...

introduction preterm birth is still a major health problem throughout the world. preterm birth results in 75% of neonatal mortality. we sought to identify risk factors which cause preterm birth. materials and methods this cross-sectional study assessed all preterm neonates born in asali hospital in khorram abad (either by nvd or c/s) during the first 6 months of 2007. sampling method was census...

Background & aim: Maternal-fetal attachment has an important effect on mother's identity as well as maternal and fetal health. Moreover, this concept is considered as a crucial issue for the improvement of children emotional development. Regarding the Islamic recommendations on maternal-fetal attachment and its correlation with maternal affection, this study was conducted to review the importan...

Maternal mortality refers to the death of a woman who dies during pregnancy or within six weeks after delivery. A number of factors contribute to the high maternal mortality ratio around the globe, particularly, in underdeveloped countries. Pakistan has the highest mortality ratio (260 per 100,000 live births) in the region and is one of the developing countries which have committed to decrease...

background & objectives: cryptorchidism is one of the most common congenital anomalies at birth. cryptorchidism is an abnormally positioned testis. the undescended testis can be located anywhere between the abdominal cavity and just outside the anatomical scrotum. this study was conducted to determine some etiologic factors in cryptorchidism. materials & methods: in an analytical cross-sectiona...

Background: To describe factors contributed to the maternal deaths occurred in the West Azerbaijan, Iran from 2002 through 2011. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, data on the maternal deaths obtained from the national maternal mortality surveillance system were analyzed. The three delays model was used so as to recognize contributing factors of maternal deaths due to obstetric ...

Background: Regulation of gene expression in mammalian embryos is not completely known. Pre-implantation embryos need maternal RNA and proteins synthesized during oogenesis, to regulate development before mater-embryo transition, as the grown oocyte and the 1-cell zygote are transcriptionally silent. There are some oocyte-specific genes called maternal effect genes which may account for this ea...

objective: maternal factors such as age, health, diet, and environment are significantly associated with low birth weight. the objectives of this study were to determine the incidence, distribution and major risk factors of low birth weight in hospital kuala lumpur. materials and methods: a hospital based case–control study was done in obstetric ward of maternity hospital in hospital kuala lump...