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Loci of extreme curvature of the topographic surface may be defined by the derivation function (T) depending on the first-, second-, and third-order partial derivatives of elevation. The loci may partially describe ridge and thalweg lines. The firstand second-order partial derivatives are commonly calculated from a digital elevation model (DEM) by fitting the second-order polynomial to a 363 wi...

Compared to laser radar systems based on the conventional discrete echo approach, direct detection laser radar systems with echo signal digitization and subsequent full-waveform analysis like the RIEGL LMS-Q560 provide valuable additional information on the target’s properties. This additional information can be used in the course of the mandatory processing task of classifying the measurement ...

Laser measurements have been used in a fluvial context since 1984, but the change detection possibilities of mobile laser scanning (MLS) for riverine topography have been lacking. This paper demonstrates the capability of MLS in erosion change mapping on a test site located in a 58 km-long tributary of the River Tenojoki (Tana) in the sub-arctic. We used point bars and river banks as example ca...

The accurate estimation of crop biomass during the growing season is very important for crop growth monitoring and yield estimation. The objective of this paper was to explore the potential of hyperspectral and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data for better estimation of the biomass of maize. First, we investigated the relationship between field-observed biomass with each metric, including...

Terrestrial laser scanning can provide high-resolution, two-dimensional sampling of soil surface roughness. While previous studies demonstrated the usefulness of these roughness measurements in geophysical applications, questions about the number of required scans and their resolution were not investigated thoroughly. Here, we suggest a method to generate digital elevation models, while preserv...

Temperature/emissivity estimation from remotely measured radiances generally assumes that scene elements represented by pixels in fact have a single emissivity spectrum and are isothermal. Thus, estimated temperatures and emissivities are effective values that would be found if these simplified assumptions were met. In reality, the physical scene is neither homogeneous nor isothermal, and the e...

Consistent, detailed and up-to-date forest resource information is required for allocation of forestry activities and national and international reporting obligations. We evaluated the forest stand attribute prediction accuracy when radargrammetry was used to derive height information from TerraSAR-X stereo imagery. Radargrammetric elevations were normalized to heights above ground using an air...

In this paper, a three-dimensional error model of grid digital elevation model (DEM) is proposed based on the reconstructed contours. Though analyzing the construction of three-dimensional error model, the paper disassembles the three-dimensional error to a series of triangular pyramids and quadrangular pyramids, and it can make the calculation simpler. The three-dimensional error is continuous...

This paper investigates the potentials and limitations of a simple dual-baseline PolInSAR (DBPI) method for forest height inversion. This DBPI method follows the classical three-stage inversion method’s idea used in single baseline PolInSAR (SBPI) inversion, but it avoids the assumption of the smallest ground-to-volume amplitude ratio (GVR) by employing an additional baseline to constrain the i...