1. An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of fOrmyl-Dkynurenine from D-tryptophan was purified about loo-fold from a homogenate of rabbit small intestine. Formyl-~kynurenine thus produced was converted to D-kynurenine by formamidase present in rabbit intestine. 2. Methylene blue and ascorbic acid were required as cofactors. Xanthine oxidase with hypoxanthine could replace ascorbic acid, but hyd...

A facile hydrothermal approach has been developed to prepare defective TiO2-x nanocrystals using Ti(III)-salt as a precursor and L-ascorbic acid as reductant and structure direction agent. The prepared TiO2-x nanocrystals are composed of a highly crystallized TiO2 core and a disordered TiO2-x outer layer, possessing high surface area, controlled oxygen vacancy concentration and tunable bandgap ...

Methylene blue oxidizes uric acid to allantoin in vitro, analogous to the reaction between uric acid and phosphotungstate, although the rate is considerably slower. The reaction requires oxygen and produces hydrogen peroxide. As little as 10 micromol of methylene blue per liter in a serum sample will produce a measurable difference in the apparent uric acid concentration within 4 h at room temp...

Ascorbic acid appears to have vasodilatory properties, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. The aims of this study were to define the acute effects of locally infused ascorbic acid in human veins and to explore underlying mechanisms by using pharmacological tools in vivo. Ascorbic acid was infused in dorsal hand veins submaximally preconstricted with the alpha(1)-adrenoceptor ...

The oxidation of ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) is a very important redox reaction, as it has interesting biological properties and is also a powerful reductant. Ascorbic acid is a lactone with a 2,3-endiol group. The enolic group imparts acidity to the molecule; the enol group at position 3 has a pKa of 4.1 and the enol at position 2 has a pKa of 11.6. It is very effective as a reducing agent and i...

peritoneal adhesions are challenging in abdominal surgery. in spite of different kinds of treatments still no definitive and effective treatment is suggested. to determine the prevention effects of intraperitoneal (ip) methylene blue in post surgical adhesion formation 44 rabbits were randomly divided in two groups of equal number. group i received an intra peritoneal injection of a 1% suspensi...

Methemoglobinemia, although rare, must be considered in surgical patients presenting with acute respiratory distress and cyanosis. We report two cases of methemoglobinemia in patients undergoing aortic reconstruction. The first patient developed methemoglobinemia while on a nitroglycerin infusion, and the second after receiving benzocaine spray before intubation. Both patients were treated with...

methylene blue is widely used in various industrial branches. due to insufficient treatment, its occurrence in wastewater is frequently detected, which may result in serious environment problems to aquatic organisms. hydroponic experiments were conducted with rice seedlings (oryza sativa l. cv. xzx 45) exposed to methylene blue to determine the effective concentration using relative growth rate...