OBJECTIVE Development of micro- or macroalbuminuria is associated with increased risk of cardiorenal complications, particularly in diabetes. For prevention of transition to micro- or macroalbuminuria, more accurate prediction markers on top of classical risk markers are needed. We studied a promising new marker, growth-differentiation factor (GDF)-15, to predict transition to increasing stage ...

BACKGROUND Until now, the renal clearance index of IgG to IgG4 (IgG/IgG4) as well as pancreatic to salivary amylase (PA/SA) were separately used as parameters of renal charge selectivity in diabetic and non-diabetic albuminuria. The suitability of the IgG index may be questioned because urinary loss of IgG rather reflects a size selective defect. In contrast, the amylase index seems more approp...

BACKGROUND Patients with diabetes are at high risk of death prior to reaching end-stage renal disease, but most models predicting the risk of kidney disease do not take this competing risk into account. We aimed to compare the performance of Cox regression and competing risk models for prediction of early- and late-stage renal complications in type 2 diabetes. METHODS Patients with type 2 dia...

Assess the relationship and diagnostic performance of retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP-4) as a biomarker ofdiabetic nephropathy (DN) at different levels albuminuria (normo-, micro- macro-albuminuria). Acase-control study, that involved 185 participants, 47 were healthy control, 138 diabetic patients (46were normoalbuminuric [NA], 48 microalbuminuria [MiA], 44 weremacroalbuminuria [MaA]). All trea...

BACKGROUND Recently, an association between impaired diastolic function and increased urinary albumin excretion has been hypothesized. OBJECTIVES We tried to assess the association between diastolic function and micro albuminuria in normotensive no diabetic obese individuals. PATIENTS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 186 consecutive obese normotensive no diabetic indi...

BACKGROUND One of the most important complications of Type 2 diabetes mellitus is diabetic nephropathy which is reported as the leading cause of premature deaths due to renal failure. This study was being conducted to see the role of C-reactive protein a marker in type 2 diabetic patient with micro-albuminuria. METHODS This cross sectional study was carried out in the Diabetic Clinic of Pakis...

Abstract Background and Aims Chronic kidney disease (CKD) its associated complications constitute a major challenge for healthcare systems worldwide. Albuminuria, measured as albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR), is critical marker of glomerular injury endothelial dysfunction. Elevated uACR an independent predictor CKD progression cardio-renal mortality [1,2]. However, there paucity data translat...

BACKGROUND Low vitamin D levels can be associated with albuminuria, and vitamin D analogs are effective anti-proteinuric agents. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in vitamin D levels between those with micro- and those with macroalbuminuria, and to determine whether low dose cholecalciferol increases vitamin D levels and ameliorates albuminuria. METHODS Two studies were per...

Earlier Diabetic nephropathy was thought to be a rare complication in Type II Diabetic patients. The incidence and prevalence of nephropathy in Type II Diabetes have been under estimated in the past probably because most patients with nephropathy succumbed to cardiovascular disease, even before nephropathy could manifest clinically. The current study was done to screen Type II diabetic patients...

BACKGROUND Albuminuria and glomerular filtration rate (GFR), two factors linked to kidney and vascular function, may influence longitudinal blood pressure (BP) responses to complex antihypertensive drug regimens. METHODS We reviewed the clinic records of 459 patients with hypertension in an urban, academic practice. RESULTS Mean patient age was 57-years, 89% of patients were African America...