OBJECTIVE To determine the sensitivity and specificity of quantitative respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP) compared with the "gold standard," nocturnal esophageal pressure (Pes) measurement, in the diagnosis of upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS) in adults. METHODS Fourteen consecutive patients without obstructive sleep apnea and suspected of having UARS underwent simultaneous mea...

OBJECTIVE To compare respiratory nocturnal polysomnography (NPSG) characteristics between matched cohorts of upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS) and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients. METHODS All patients received 13-channel NPSG, including esophageal pressure (Pes) manometry. By definition, OSAS patients had an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI, number of apneas/hypopneas per hour...

OBJECTIVE To explore the feasibility and efficacy of Z-palatoplasty for the management of severe obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in patients with tonsils. STUDY DESIGN Case series and chart review. SETTING University hospital. METHODS Z-palatoplasty and coblation channeling of the tongue were performed in 36 patients with body mass index <40 kg/m(2) and size 1 or 2 tonsils. All ...

Medial septum (MS) plays a critical role in controlling the electrical activity of the hippocampus (HIPP). In particular, theta-rhythmic burst firing of MS neurons is thought to drive lasting HIPP theta oscillations in rats during waking motor activity and REM sleep. Less is known about MS-HIPP interactions in nontheta states such as non-REM sleep, in which HIPP theta oscillations are absent bu...

OBJECTIVES One major subject of discussion in sleep studies is whether bursts of K-complexes (K-bursts) and delta waves (D-bursts), expressions of a subcortical arousal, truly reflect an arousal response during sleep. To address this question we studied the changes in heart rate (HR) during spontaneous arousals in healthy subjects. METHODS Twenty-seven healthy adults were examined. Arousals w...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To determine the ability of Maintenance of Wakefulness Test (MWT) to predict simulated driving performance in patients suffering from sleep apnea syndrome. DESIGN Study involving one hour of simulated driving, one night of polysomnography (PSG), and a 4 x 40-minute MWT. SETTING Sleep laboratory. PATIENTS Thirty male patients with untreated obstructive sleep apnea syndrome ...

OBJECTIVE The temporal evolution of periodic leg movements (PLM) and the relationship of their arousing effect on sleep episode has not been extensively investigated. We studied the nocturnal evolution of PLM associated or not with microarousal (MA) and associated with slow wave activity (PLM with slow wave activity) in 23 patients with PLM and/or restless legs syndrome (RLS). METHODS All sub...

BACKGROUND Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is an effective treatment in patients with moderate and severe sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome (SAHS), but the minimum illness severity at which patients obtain benefit from CPAP is unclear. A study was therefore undertaken to investigate whether CPAP improves symptoms and daytime function in patients with mild SAHS. METHODS Sixteen consec...

5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)(2A) receptor inverse agonists are promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of sleep maintenance insomnias. Among these agents is nelotanserin, a potent, selective 5-HT(2A) inverse agonist. Both radioligand binding and functional inositol phosphate accumulation assays suggest that nelotanserin has low nanomolar potency on the 5-HT(2A) receptor with at least 30- a...

Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) are influenced by the sleep-wake cycle, with relatively abrupt falls occurring in association with sleep onset (SO). However, the pattern and rate of fall in BP and HR during SO and the processes that contribute to the fall in these variables have not been fully identified. Continuous BP and HR recordings were collected beginning 1 h before lights out (LO...