Flexible structures are the main components in many precision measuring and research systems. They provide miniaturization, repeatability, minimal damping, low measuring forces, and very high resolution. This article focuses on the modeling, development, and comparison of three typical flexible micronano-structures: flexible helicoids, atomic force microscopy (AFM) cantilevers, and concave notc...

Cell membranes, lung surfactants and other liquid crystalline systems have become an interesting area for structural studies, due to recent evidence suggesting that such supra-molecular assemblies have micronano scale organizations or domains. Such domains play a critical role in functioning of membrane proteins, as well as phase segregation and liquid ordering of soft-materials in two dimensio...

In general, creation of superhydrophobic surfaces is composed of two steps: (i) creation of a rough surface and (ii) passivation of the surface with the low surface energy molecules or coatings. Superhydrophobic properties cannot be achieved on a surface without these two essential factors fulfilled. In the present work we have demonstrated that superhydrophobic silver films on copper (Cu) subs...

objective:at the present study, relationship between phagocytosis of plga particles and combined effects of particle size and surface pegylation was investigated.  materials and methods:microspheres and nanospheres (3500 nm and 700 nm) were prepared from three types of plga polymers (non-pegylated and pegylation percents of 9% and 15%). these particles were prepared by solvent evaporation metho...

hypothesis may still lbe a topic for controversy among philosophers, but among the great majority of active scientists I think it is accepted without question The workings of our minds and bodles, and of all the animate or lnanimate matter of which we have any detailed knowledges are as sumed to be controlled by the same set o£ fundamental laws which except under certain extreme conditions we f...

For a model of weakly coupled quantum Ising chains we outline the phase diagram and establish that well below the transition line the system has a remarkably one-dimensional spectrum. We study the dynamical magnetic susceptibility and find a very rich spectrum with several modes corresponding to a fundamental particle and its bound states. The approach is based on the Bethe ansatz and the rando...

Precipitative mixing experiments have been conducted with the aid of a turbidimeter and a darkfield microscope. The results of these experiments, correlated with observations of macroscopic features, indicate that serological precipitation is largely governed by a highly specific mechanism except in the terminal period, when the operation of non-specific forces becomes apparent. The findings ar...

In theoretical physics, paradoxes are good. That’s paradoxical, since a paradox appears to be a contradiction, and contradictions imply serious error. But Nature cannot realize contradictions. When our physical theories lead to paradox we must find a way out. Paradoxes focus our attention, and we think harder. When David Gross and I began the work that led to this Nobel Prize [1, 2, 3, 4], in 1...

The angular distribution of alpha particles with respect to the spin direction of the residual nuclei is used to probe the shapes of the emitting systems. Two compound systems have been studied: ' Yb and " Sn. Deformed emission shapes are required in order to understand the alpha-gamma correlations in the ' Yb system, but not for the " Sn compound system. These conclusions are identical to thos...

The Standard Model is the theory used to describe the interactions between fundamental particles and fundamental forces. It is remarkably successful at predicting the outcome of particle physics experiments. However, the theory has not yet been completely verified. In particular, one of the most vital constituents, the Higgs boson, has not yet been observed. This paper describes the Standard Mo...