in an environmentally benign solventless system, alcohols are rapidly oxidized to carbonyl compounds using hexamethylenetetramine-bromine on wet alumina under microwave irradiation.

microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (mahd) at three levels of microwave power (180, 360, and 540 w) and the traditional hydrodistillation (hd) were applied to obtain essential oils from bunium persicum boiss. (black zira). mahd at 540 w started much earlier than that of hd (4 min vs. 38 min, respectively). by the time the extraction of essential oils started with hd, almost 50% of the total es...

Microwave radiation, an electromagnetic radiation, is widely use as a source of heating in organic synthesis. The basic mechanisms observed in microwave assisted synthesis are dipolar polarization and conduction. Microwave assisted organic synthesis (MAOS) has emerged as a new “lead” in organic synthesis. The technique offers simple, clean, fast, efficient, and economic for the synthesis of a l...

drying characteristics of green pea (pisum satium) with an initial moisture content of 76% (db) was studied in a fluidized bed dryer assisted by microwave heating. four drying air temperatures (30, 40, 50 and 60ºc) and five microwave powers (180, 360, 540, 720 and 900w) were adopted. several experiments were conducted to obtain data for sample moisture content versus drying time. the results sh...

background & aim:nepeta racemosa is an herbal and medicinal plant and this report aims to   identify chemical compositions of the essential oils and volatiles of its   aerial parts through classical and advanced methods.  experimental: chemical profiles of the essential oils and volatile compounds from the aerial parts of nepeta racemosa obtained through hydrodistillation (hd), solvent-free mic...

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 ABBREVIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 APPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . ....

The term green chemistry is defined as “the invention, design and application of chemical products and processes to reduce or to eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances”. The major applications of green chemistry principles and practice renders control, regulation, and remediation, hence resultant environmental benefit can be expressed in terms of economic impact .It also invol...

A new simple procedure for microwave-assisted organic synthesis under continuous flow processing has been developed for use in a monomodal microwave synthesizer with direct temperature control using the instrument's in-built IR sensor. This design makes optimum use of the standing wave cavity to improve the energy efficiency of microwave-assisted flow reactions.

Microwave-assisted and ultrasound-assisted extraction assays were used to isolate total flavonoids (TF) from Osmanthus fragrans flowers. The effects of the solid-liquid ratio, ethanol concentration, microwave power, microwave extraction time, ultrasonic power and ultrasonic extraction time on the yield of TF were studied. A sequential combination of microwave- and ultrasound-assisted extraction...

A microwave-assisted hydrodistillation protocol was modified to extract essential oils from leaves of Salvia triloba L. and Laurus nobilis L. The essential oils of these plants are generally obtained by hydrodistillation or steam distillation. The volatile compounds obtained by microwave-assisted hydrodistillation and hydrodistillation methods were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Both distillation me...