Methods We compare three methods: (1) the Stevens method, which uses the average range size of all species within each elevational band (100-m bands); (2) the midpoint method, which uses the average range size of species whose midpoints occur in each elevational band; and (3) a quartile method that examines the distribution of only the smallest ranges (less than one-quarter of the mountain heig...

Travel time estimation is a critical ingredient for transportation management and traveler information—both infrastructure-based and in-vehicle. Infrastructure managers and operators are interested in estimating optimal freeway sensor density for new construction and retrofits. Focusing on freeway travel time estimation for display on roadside variable message signs, this paper describes a conc...

The aim of our study is to establish, for convex functions on an interval, a midpoint version the fractional HHF type inequality. corresponding integral has symmetric weight function composed with increasing as kernel. We also consider identity and establish some related inequalities based this identity. Some special cases can be considered from main results. These results confirm generality at...

Midpoint subdivision generalizes the Lane-Riesenfeld algorithm for uniform tensor product splines and can also be applied to non regular meshes. For example, midpoint subdivision of degree 2 is a specific Doo-Sabin algorithm and midpoint subdivision of degree 3 is a specific Catmull-Clark algorithm. In 2001, Zorin and Schröder were able to prove C1-continuity for midpoint subdivision surfaces a...

Abstract Fractional calculus operators play a very important role in generalizing concepts of used diverse fields science. In this paper, we use Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals to establish generalized identities, which are further applied obtain midpoint and trapezoidal inequalities for convex function with respect strictly monotone function. These reproduce convex, harmonic p -convex, ...