We previously demonstrated in the pig that instigation of three cycles of 10 min of occlusion and reperfusion in a hindlimb by tourniquet application (approximately 300 mmHg) elicited protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury (infarction) in multiple distant skeletal muscles subsequently subjected to 4 h of ischemia and 48 h of reperfusion, but the mechanism was not studied. The aim of thi...

Postconditioning is a simple and safe strategy for cardioprotection and infarct size limitation. Our previous study showed that oxytocin (OT) exerts postconditioning effect on ischemic/reperfused isolated rat heart. The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of OT receptor, mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel (mKATP), nitric oxide (NO) and cyclooxygenase (COX) pathways i...

24 Mammalian neurons rapidly undergo excitotoxic cell death during anoxia, while neurons 25 from the anoxia-tolerant painted turtle survive without oxygen for hours and offer a unique 26 model to study mechanisms to reduce the severity of cerebral stroke. An anoxia-mediated 27 decrease in whole-cell NMDA and AMPA receptor currents are an important part of the turtle’s 28 natural defence. Here w...

postconditioning is a simple and safe strategy for cardioprotection and infarct size limitation. our previous study showed that oxytocin (ot) exerts postconditioning effect on ischemic/reperfused isolated rat heart. the aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of ot receptor, mitochondrial atp-sensitive potassium channel (mkatp), nitric oxide (no) and cyclooxygenase (cox) pathways i...

THE CONCEPT OF ISCHEMIC PRECONDITIONING (IPC) was introduced in 1986 by Murry, Jennings, and Reimer (10). These investigators showed that four brief 5-min periods of ischemia in canine hearts produced a marked reduction in myocardial infarct size in dogs subjected to 40 min of coronary artery occlusion and 72 h of reperfusion compared with a nonpreconditioned group. This finding has stimulated ...

BACKGROUND Danshen-Gegen decoction (DG), a Chinese herbal formula, has been demonstrated to be effective for the treatment of coronary heart disease such as myocardial infarction. In the present study, we investigated the effect of DG post-conditioning on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial injury in rats. METHODS ISO was injected intraperitoneally (200 mg/kg) to induce acute (2-6 hours) m...

Ischemic heart disease is a major public health epidemic and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide (Hausenloy et al., 2012; Ferdinandy et al., 2014). Ischemic injury predisposes to myocardial infarction, heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Prompt restoration of oxygenated blood flow to the ischemic myocardium (i.e., reperfusion) is required for preventing irreve...