Mobile Ad hoc networks (MANETs) are composed of mobile stations communicating through wireless links, without any fixed backbone support. In these networks, limited power energy supply, and frequent topology changes caused by node mobility, makes their routing a challenging problem. TORA is one of the routing protocols that successfully copes with the nodes’ mobility side effects, but it do...

Health inequalities pose an important public health challenge in European countries, for which increased social mobility has been suggested as a cause. We sought to describe how the relationship between health inequalities and social mobility varies among welfare regime types in the European region. Data from six rounds of the European Social Survey was analyzed using multilevel statistical tec...

BACKGROUND Research in recent decades increasingly indicates the importance of conditions in early life for health in adulthood. Only few studies have investigated socioeconomic conditions in both childhood and adulthood in relation to health testing the risk accumulation, critical period, and social mobility hypotheses within the same setting. This study investigates the associations between e...

As the discovery of non-Poissonian statistics of human mobility trajectories, more attention has been paid to understanding the role of these patterns in different dynamics. In this study, we first introduce the heterogeneous mobility of mobile agents into dynamical networks, and then investigate the forwarding strategy on the heterogeneous dynamical networks. We find that the faster speed and ...

In this paper, we have analyzed the performance of multipath routing protocol with various mobility models for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. The basic purpose of any multipath routing protocol is to overcome various problems occurs while data delivery through a single path routing protocol. For high acceptability of routing protocol, analysis of routing protocol in ad hoc network only with random way...

BACKGROUND This study identified demographic and health-related characteristics that were related to mobility limitation in a sample of community-dwelling African Americans. METHODS The sample consisted of 602 community-dwelling African-American men and women ages 48-92 years at study inception. Participants who reported being limited "a lot" or "a little" in climbing one flight of stairs or ...

In wireless networks, users freely change their service points while they are connected. Mobility management in this environment is an essential technology for keeping track of the users' current location and for delivering data correctly. Then, the challenge is the design of an efficient IP-based mobility management scheme. Mobility management with provision of seamless handover is a key topic...