Each Protocol Independent Multicast Sparse Mode (PIM-SM) router in a PIM domain that supports Any Source Multicast (ASM) maintains Group-to-RP mappings that are used to identify a Rendezvous Point (RP) for a specific multicast group. PIM-SM has defined an algorithm to choose a RP from the Group-to-RP mappings learned using various mechanisms. This algorithm does not consider the PIM mode and th...

Sliding mode (SM) and Proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller are implemented for Buck converter in a continuous conduction mode. A closed-loop controller system is implemented and goes through the transient time response of buck converter. Sliding mode controller is worked as robust controller and can be used to reduce the Delay time and settling time of the system. In power drives c...

Infrared (IR) and Raman spectra of a sphingomyelin (SM) bilayer have been calculated for the amide I, II and A modes and the double-bonded CC stretching mode by a weight averaged approach, based on an all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and a vibrational structure calculation. Representative structures and statistical weights of SM clusters connected by hydrogen bonds (HBs) are observed...

Intracellular membrane fusion steps in eukaryotes require the syntaxin family of SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein-attachment protein receptor) proteins. Syntaxins are regulated at several levels through interactions with regulatory proteins, including the SM (Sec1p/Munc18) proteins. Key to understanding this regulation is the characterization of different SM-syntaxin bin...

The application of the Sliding Mode Thermal Control to dryer station furnace facility in agriculture productions is proposed. An adaptive controller is designed based on results obtained in the sphere of discontinuous system design. The derived Sliding Mode (SM) control algorithm written in Lab View environment should improve the control performance of the important characteristic of systems su...

The application of the Sliding Mode Thermal Control System to laser spectroscopic system is proposed. An adaptive controller is designed based on results obtained in the sphere of discontinuous system design. The derived Sliding Mode (SM) control algorithm should improve the control performance of the important characteristic of systems such as the thermal field of the oven. The suggested contr...

Output performances of fiber-based optical systems, in particular fiber lasers and amplifiers, can be controlled using tailored fiber designs, gain profiles, and pump light overlap with the gain medium. Here, the performances of 2-μm light, propagating in three large-mode area fibers, a step-index fiber, a photonic crystal fiber (PCF), and a leakage channel fiber (LCF), designed to deliver a si...

Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) and Sec1/Munc18 (SM) proteins constitute the core of an ancient vesicle fusion machine that diversified into distinct sets that now function in different trafficking steps in eukaryotic cells. Deciphering their precise mode of action has proved challenging. SM proteins are thought to act primarily through one type of ...

Sec1p/Munc18 (SM) proteins are essential for SNARE-mediated membrane trafficking. The formulation of unifying hypotheses for the function of the SM protein family has been hampered by the observation that two of its members bind their cognate syntaxins (Sxs) in strikingly different ways. The SM protein Vps45p binds its Sx Tlg2p in a manner analogous to that captured by the Sly1p-Sed5p crystal s...

The existence of extra SM families results in essential enhancement of the gluon fusion channel Higgs boson production at hadron colliders. In this case, the SM Higgs boson can be seen at the upgraded Tevatron via the "golden mode" (H→4l) for certain values of its mass.