Compounding between NiO and La(2)O(3) protects the latter from water and molten salt attack, and ensures successful direct electrolytic conversion of the oxide precursors, in the solid state, to more affordable LaNi(5)-type hydrogen storage materials.

Selective laser melting (SLM) is widely used in making three-dimensional functional parts layer by layer. Temperature magnitude and history during SLM directly determine the molten pool dimensions and surface integrity. However, due to the transient nature and small size of the molten pool, the temperature gradient and the molten pool size are very challenging to measure and control. A 3-dimens...

Molten oxide electrolysis (MOE) is the electrolytic decomposition of a metal oxide, most preferably into liquid metal and oxygen gas. The successful deployment of MOE hinges upon the existence of an inert anode capable of sustained oxygen evolution. Herein we report the results of a program of materials design, selection, and testing of candidate anode materials and demonstrate the utility of i...

In the direct iron smelting process, interfacial reactions of carbonaceous materials with molten iron are among some of the key factors that dictate the rate of carbon transfer into molten iron and establish a carbon concentrated melt to reduce iron oxide in the slag phase. Detailed wettability investigations on a range of carbonaceous materials, e.g. synthetic graphite, natural graphite, coke,...

Perovskite thin films with various functional properties have been synthesized through the Metal Organic Chemical Vapour Deposition (MOCVD). The MOCVD processes, used for the fabrication of a variety of advanced materials in thin film form, rely upon application of a molten multi-element source. The challenging in-situ strategy involves the use of a molten source consisting of a second-generati...

As innovative means to recover actinides from irradiated fuels, pyrochemical processes are proposed. In the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI), the feasibility of applying molten-salts processes to nitride fuels containing transuranium elements for transmutation is investigated. In the course of study, experiments and analyses have been made on the high-temperature chemistry of M–N–...

Amorphous or polycrystalline films of three organic materials (solvent blue 35 and two porphyrins) have been recrystallized into single-crystal thin films (of micrometer thickness) by a zone-melting technique, in which an electrically heated wire generated a narrow molten zone (0.5-2 mm wide) on the organic layer sandwiched between two pieces of glass or indium-tin oxide-coated glass. When the ...

Chemical incompatibility and low thermal conductivity issues of molten-salt-based thermal energy storage materials can be addressed by using microstructured composites. Using a eutectic mixture of lithium and sodium carbonates as molten salt, magnesium oxide as supporting material, and graphite as thermal conductivity enhancer, the microstructural development, chemical compatibility, thermal st...

laboratory and industrial scale experiments are made on the application of sponge iron pellets and briquettes for the production of cast iron and steel in different melting systems, such as electric induction furnace, electric resistance furnace and fuel-fired crucible furnace. effect of various variables such as specifications of sponge iron, temperature of the molten metal and the method of f...